Juglans cinerea

Linnaeus

Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 1272. 1759.

Common names: Butternut white walnut noyer cendré
Conservation concernEndemicIllustrated
Synonyms: Wallia cinerea (Linnaeus) Alefeld
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 3.

Trees, to 20 (-30) m. Bark light gray or gray-brown, shallowly divided into smooth or scaly plates. Twigs with distal edge of leaf-scar straight or nearly so, bordered by well-defined, tan-gray, velvety ridge; pith dark-brown. Terminal buds conic, flattened, 12-18 mm. Leaves 30-60 cm; petiole 3.5-12 cm. Leaflets (7-) 11-17, ovate to lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, ± symmetric, (2.5-) 5-11 (-17.5) × 1.5-6.5 cm, margins serrate, apex acuminate; surfaces abaxially with abundant 4-8-rayed fasciculate hairs, scales, and sometimes capitate-glandular hairs, axils of proximal veins with prominent tufts of fasciculate hairs, adaxially with scattered fasciculate hairs or becoming glabrescent; terminal leaflet present, usually large. Staminate catkins 6-14 cm; stamens 7-15 per flower; pollen-sacs 0.8-1.2 mm. Fruits 3-5, ellipsoid to ovoid or cylindric, 4-8 cm, smooth, with dense capitate-glandular hairs; nuts ellipsoid to subcylindric or ovoid, 3-6 cm, surface with ca. 8 high, narrow, longitudinal main ridges, with narrow, interrupted, longitudinal ridges or lamellae between main ridges.


Phenology: Flowering spring (Apr–Jun).
Habitat: Rich woods of river terraces and valleys, also dry rocky slopes
Elevation: 0-1000 m

Distribution

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N.B., Ont., Que., Ala., Ark., Conn., Del., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis.

Discussion

Of conservation concern.

The butternut canker is killing Juglans cinerea across its range. Because the trees do not root-sprout, the range is contracting.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Juglans cinerea"
acuminate +
Alan T. Whittemore +  and Donald E. Stone +
Linnaeus +
glabrescent +
gray-brown;light gray +
divided +
4-lobed +  and 2-6-lobed +
elongate +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> - 14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br /> +
Butternut +, white walnut +  and noyer cendré +
nearly +  and straight +
N.B. +, Ont. +, Que. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Conn. +, Del. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Ky. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Vt. +, Va. +, W.Va. +  and Wis. +
0-1000 m +
in terminal racemes +  and solitary +
ellipsoid +  and ovoid or cylindric +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> - 8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> +
not compressed +
Rich woods of river terraces and valleys, also dry rocky slopes +
multiradiate +
indehiscent +
indehiscent +  and dehiscent +
hard +  and fibrous-fleshy +
3-lobed +  and triangular +
even-pinnate +
aromatic +
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> - 60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br /> +
subsessile +  and sessile +
11 cm110 mm <br />0.11 m <br /> - 17.5 cm175 mm <br />0.175 m <br /> +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> - 11 cm110 mm <br />0.11 m <br /> +
aromatic +
ovate;lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> - 6.5 cm65 mm <br />0.065 m <br /> +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> - 17.5 cm175 mm <br />0.175 m <br /> +
4.3 cm43 mm <br />0.043 m <br /> - 15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> - 6.5 cm65 mm <br />0.065 m <br /> +
smooth +  and rugulose +
ellipsoid +  and subcylindric or ovoid +
large +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> - 6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> +
2-carpellate +
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> - 12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br /> +
Flowering spring - Apr–Jun. +
dark-brown +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> - 0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> +
Syst. Nat. ed. +
well-defined +
Conservation concern +, Endemic +  and Illustrated +
pilose +  and glabrous +
Wallia cinerea +
Juglans cinerea +
species +
flattened +  and conic +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> - 1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br /> +
purplish brown +
2,000 cm20,000 mm <br />20 m <br /> - 3,000 cm30,000 mm <br />30 m <br /> +