Polygala crenata

C. W. James

Rhodora 59: 53. 1957.

Common names: Scalloped milkwort
Basionym: Polygala polygama Walter forma obovata S. F. Blake Rhodora 17: 201. 1915
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10.

Herbs short-lived perennial (rarely biennial or annual), single or multistemmed, (1.2–) 2–3 (–3.5) dm, usually unbranched, rarely branched distally; from taproot or fibrous-root cluster. Stems erect, sometimes laxly so, to nearly decumbent, glabrous. Leaves alternate; sessile or subsessile, or with narrowed petiolelike base to 2 mm; blade obovate or elliptic, sometimes becoming scalelike proximally, (5–) 8–23 × (2–) 3–8 (–9) mm, base cuneate, apex rounded, obtuse, or acute, surfaces glabrous. Racemes loosely cylindric, open, elongate, 7–10 (–15) × 1–1.5 cm; peduncle 1–2 (–2.5) cm; bracts deciduous, ovate. Pedicels 3–4 (–5) mm, glabrous. Cleistogamous flowers present in racemes usually below, rarely just above, soil surface, sometimes in proximal leaf-axils later in season. Flowers pink to pale-purple, 4–6 mm; sepals ovate or elliptic, 1.1–2 mm; wings elliptic, ovate, or obovate, (3.3–) 4–5 × (1.5–) 2–2.7 mm, apex obtuse to bluntly rounded; keel 3–4 mm, crest 2-parted, with 2–4 entire or divided lobes on each side. Capsules broadly ellipsoid, 2–3.5 × 2–3 mm, margins narrowly winged, wings equal, crenate. Seeds 1.5–2 mm, pubescent; aril 1 mm, somewhat helmetlike, lobes to 1/4 length of seed.


Phenology: Flowering spring–summer.
Habitat: Wet flatwoods and savannas, sandy mesic hills, bogs, acidic swamps.
Elevation: 0–100 m.

Distribution

Ala., Fla., Ga., La., Miss., Tex.

Discussion

Polygala crenata is known only from the East Gulf Coastal Plain.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Polygala crenata"
obtuse +  and bluntly rounded +
helmetlike +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
J. Richard Abbott +
C. W. James +
cuneate +, petiolelike +  and narrowed +
Polygala polygama +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.3 cm23 mm <br />0.023 m <br />) +
scalelike +, elliptic +  and obovate +
uniform +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
deciduous +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
ellipsoid +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Scalloped milkwort +
reduced +
2-parted +
Ala. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, La. +, Miss. +  and Tex. +
0–100 m. +
sessile +  and pedicellate +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
pink +  and pale-purple +
in proximal leaf-axils +  and subterranean +
cleistogamous +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
samaroid +  and pseudomonomerous +
glabrous +  and pubescent +
isodiametric +  and slightly oblong +
Wet flatwoods and savannas, sandy mesic hills, bogs, acidic swamps. +
branched +  and unbranched +
perennial +  and short-lived +
crested +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
subsessile +  and sessile +
cauline +  and basal +
divided +  and entire +
leaf-opposed +, axillary +  and terminal +
glabrous +, ciliolate +  and ciliate +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Flowering spring–summer. +
syncarpous +  and 2[-8]-carpellate +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
elongate +  and cylindric +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
usually brownish +  and whitish +
exfoliating +
ellipsoid +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
persistent +
elliptic +  and ovate +
unequal +
0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (?) +
not +  and petiolate +
Polygala crenata +
Polygala +
species +
crested +  and lobed +
0.33 cm3.3 mm <br />0.0033 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
persistent +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
crenate +, obovate +, ovate +  and elliptic +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
2mm;2.7mm +