familyPolygalaceae
genusPolygala
speciesPolygala hemipterocarpa

Polygala hemipterocarpa

A. Gray

Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 5(6): 31. 1853.

J. Richard Abbott
Common names: Winged milkwort
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10.
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Herbs perennial, single or multistemmed, 1.2–4 (–5.6) [–7.5] dm, unbranched or branched distally; from thickened caudex. Stems erect, sometimes slightly glaucous, usually glabrous, rarely with few scattered, minute hairs, those appressed to incurved. Leaves alternate; sessile or subsessile; blade linear to linear-lanceolate, (3–) 6–25 × 0.6–1 mm, base obtuse, apex acute to subacuminate, surfaces glabrous. Racemes loosely cylindric, 3–15 (–21) × 0.4–0.8 cm; peduncle 0.5–2.5 cm; bracts deciduous, ovate to lanceolate-ovate. Pedicels 0.5–1 mm, usually glabrous, rarely puberulent. Flowers white, greenish veined, 3–4.5 mm; sepals ovate, 1.6–2.3 mm; wings obovate or elliptic-ovate, 3–4.3 × 1.6–1.8 mm, apex obtuse (rarely to bluntly rounded); keel 3.4 mm, crest 2-parted, with 3 lobes on each side, each 2–4-lobed. Capsules oblong, 4–6.3 × 2.3 mm, abaxial locule not winged, adaxial locule longer, winged, wing broadly scarious, erose-crenulate. Seeds 2.7 mm, pubescent, coat with rows of pits 0.05 mm wide; arils 2 mm, lobes 1/3–2/3 length of seed, vestigial, or to 1/3 length of seed in wingless abaxial locule.


Phenology: Flowering spring–fall.
Habitat: Rocky slopes in grasslands, open woodlands.
Elevation: 1400–2600 m.

Distribution

Ariz., N.Mex., Tex., Mexico (Chihuahua), Mexico (Durango), Mexico (eastern Sonora), Mexico (Tamaulipas)

Discussion

Polygala hemipterocarpa is known only from the Chihuahuan and eastern Sonoran deserts.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Polygala hemipterocarpa"
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Abaxial locule architecture
wingless +  and not winged +
Adaxial locule architecture
winged +
Adaxial locule length or size
longer +
Anther dehiscence
dehiscent +
Anther fixation
basifixed +
Apex shape
obtuse +, acute +  and subacuminate +
Aril some measurement
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +
Author
J. Richard Abbott +
Authority
A. Gray +
Base shape
obtuse +
Blade architecture
veined +
Blade atypical length
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
Blade coloration or relief
punctate +
Blade growth form
dimorphic +
Blade length
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
Blade position or structure subtype
secondary +
Blade prominence
obscure +
Blade shape
linear +  and linear-lanceolate +
Blade size
uniform +
Blade surface pubescence
pubescent +  and glabrous +
Blade width
0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
Bract duration
deciduous +
Bract quantity
1 +
Bract shape
ovate +  and lanceolate-ovate +
Bracteole presence
absent +
Capsule length
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.63 cm6.3 mm <br />0.0063 m <br />) +
Capsule shape
oblong +
Capsule width
2.3 cm23 mm <br />0.023 m <br /> (?) +
Common name
Winged milkwort +
Corymb arrangement
fascicles +
Corymb size
reduced +
Crest pubescence
glabrous +
Crest shape
2-4-lobed +  and 2-parted +
Distribution
Ariz. +, N.Mex. +, Tex. +, Mexico (Chihuahua) +, Mexico (Durango) +, Mexico (eastern Sonora) +  and Mexico (Tamaulipas) +
Elevation
1400–2600 m. +
Filament fusion
connate +
Flower architecture
veined +
Flower architecture or shape
symmetric +
Flower arrangement
not grouped +
Flower atypical some measurement
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Flower coloration
greenish +  and white +
Flower coloration or density
purple +
Flower location
in proximal leaf-axils +  and subterranean +
Flower quantity
fewer +
Flower reproduction
cleistogamous +  and chasmogamous +
Flower some measurement
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
Fruits capsule architecture
samaroid +  and pseudomonomerous +
Fruits capsule dehiscence
dehiscent +
Fruits capsule pubescence
glabrous +  and pubescent +
Fruits capsule shape
isodiametric +  and slightly oblong +
Habitat
Rocky slopes in grasslands, open woodlands. +
Hair arrangement
scattered +
Hair quantity
few +
Hair size
minute +
Herb architecture
branched +  and unbranched +
Herb architecture or growth form
multistemmed +
Herb atypical some measurement
4dm (5.6dm) +
Herb duration
perennial +
Herb quantity
single +
Herb some measurement
1.2dm (4dm) +
Illustration
Present +
Inflorescence position or structure subtype
terminal +
Keel shape
crested +
Keel some measurement
3.4 cm34 mm <br />0.034 m <br /> (?) +
Lateral inner sepal architecture
petaloid +
Lateral inner sepal fusion
adnate +
Lateral inner sepal size
expanded +
Lateral petal quantity
2 +
Lateral petal size
reduced +
Leaf architecture
subsessile +  and sessile +
Leaf arrangement
alternate +
Leaf position
cauline +  and basal +
Leaf presence
absent +
Leaf variability
uniform +
Lobe length
0 length of seed (1/3 length of seed) +
Lobe prominence
vestigial +
Lobe quantity
3 (?) +
Locule atypical quantity
2 (40) +
Lower petal life cycle
anthesis +
Lower petal quantity
1 +
Lower sepal quantity
2 +
Margin architecture
not +  and winged +
Margin architecture or shape
entire +
Margin position
leaf-opposed +, axillary +  and terminal +
Margin pubescence
glabrous +, ciliolate +  and ciliate +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Outer sepal quantity
1 +  and 3 +
Ovary architecture
2-loculed +
Ovary architecture or structure in adjective form
2[-8]-locular +
Ovary placentation
axile +
Ovary position
superior +
Ovule quantity
1 +
Pedicel architecture
winged +
Pedicel presence
absent +
Pedicel pubescence
puberulent +  and glabrous +
Pedicel some measurement
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
Peduncle presence
absent +
Peduncle some measurement
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
Petal quantity
3 +
Phenology
Flowering spring–fall. +
Pistil architecture
syncarpous +  and 2[-8]-carpellate +
Publication title
Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. +
Publication year
1853 +
Raceme architecture
interrupted +
Raceme atypical length
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (21 cm210 mm <br />0.21 m <br />) +
Raceme length
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
Raceme shape
cylindric +
Raceme width
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
Reference
None +
Rootstock coloration
usually brownish +  and whitish +
Rootstock relief
exfoliating +
Row width
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (?) +
Seed architecture
arillate +
Seed architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Seed coloration
blackish +
Seed pubescence
pubescent +
Seed quantity
1 +
Seed shape
ellipsoid +
Seed some measurement
2.7 cm27 mm <br />0.027 m <br /> (?) +
Seeds coat architecture
arillate +
Seeds coat pubescence
pubescent +
Sepal arrangement
imbricate +
Sepal duration
persistent +
Sepal pubescence
glabrous +
Sepal quantity
5 +
Sepal shape
ovate +
Sepal size
unequal +
Sepal some measurement
0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.23 cm2.3 mm <br />0.0023 m <br /> (?) +
Shrub architecture
unarmed +
Shrub growth form
clonal +
Shrub reproduction
synoecious +
Slit height or length or size
short +
Species architecture
capsular +
Stamen atypical quantity
6 (8) +
Stamen quantity
8 +
Stem architecture or arrangement
lax +
Stem growth form or orientation
prostrate +  and decumbent +
Stem orientation
appressed +  and incurved +
Stem pubescence
glabrous +  and glaucous +
Stigma quantity
2 +
Stipule architecture
not +  and petiolate +
Stipule presence
absent +
Style quantity
1 +
Subapical pore quantity
1 +
Surface pubescence
glabrous +
Taxon family
Polygalaceae +
Taxon name
Polygala hemipterocarpa +
Taxon parent
Polygala +
Taxon rank
species +
Upper petal arrangement or vernation
conduplicate +
Upper petal orientation
reflexed +
Upper petal quantity
2 +
Upper petal shape
crested +  and lobed +
Upper sepal quantity
2 +
Volume
Volume 10 +
Wing duration
persistent +
Wing length
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.43 cm4.3 mm <br />0.0043 m <br />) +
Wing pubescence
glabrous +
Wing shape
erose-crenulate +, elliptic-ovate +  and obovate +
Wing some measurement
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
Wing texture
scarious +
Wing width
1.6mm;1.8mm +