familyCactaceae
subfamilyCactaceae subfam. Cactoideae
genusThelocactus
speciesThelocactus bicolor
varietyThelocactus bicolor var. flavidispinus

Thelocactus bicolor var. flavidispinus

Backeberg

Beitr. Sukkulentenk. Sukkulentenpflege 1941: 6. 1941.

Allan D. Zimmerman, Bruce D. Parfitt
Endemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 218.

Plants unbranched (very rarely branched), deep-seated in substrate. Stems flat-topped when young, ± spheric (rarely short cylindric when old), 3–9 (–13) × 4–6 (–7) cm, surface hidden by spines; ribs poorly defined, ca. 13, tubercles confluent only at extreme bases (youngest sexually mature plants strictly tuberculate), 8–15 mm wide; areoles spaced 6–15 mm apart along ribs. Spines yellow (very rarely some individuals red); radial spines 12–20 per areole, longest spines 9–18 (–24) mm; adaxial (bladelike) spines 18–35 (–40) × 0.5–1.5 mm; central spines (0–) 1 (–4), longest spines terete, (9–) 13–18 (–24) × 0.4–0.5 mm. 2n = 22.


Phenology: Flowering Mar–Sep.
Habitat: Caballos novaculite outcrops in semidesert grasslands
Elevation: 1200-1300 m

Distribution

V4 408-distribution-map.gif

Tex.

Discussion

Thelocactus bicolor var. flavidispinus is the most widespread of the several taxa of cacti endemic to novaculite, a highly fractured, quartzlike rock. Unusually tall and/or red-spined individuals within populations of var. flavidispinus have been the basis for mistaken reports of var. bicolor in the region of novaculite, where only var. flavidispinus occurs. The reports of var. flavidispinus in south Texas (Starr County; L. D. Benson 1982) are based on misidentified T. bicolor var. bicolor.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"broad" is not a number.

... more about "Thelocactus bicolor var. flavidispinus"
RDF feed
2n chromosome quantity
22 +
Adaxial spine atypical length
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
Adaxial spine length
18mm +  and 35mm +
Adaxial spine width
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
Appearance shape
cushionlike +
Appendage architecture
arillate +
Appendage pubescence or texture
corky +
Areolar gland prominence
conspicuous +
Areole architecture or shape
spiny +
Areole arrangement
apart +  and spaced +
Areole arrangement or shape
circular to linear +
Areole atypical some measurement
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (5.2 cm52 mm <br />0.052 m <br />) +
Areole duration
deciduous +  and persistent +
Areole life cycle
flowering +
Areole presence
absent +
Areole prominence
Conspicuous (Obscure) +
Areole shape
hourglass--shaped +
Areole some measurement
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Author
Allan D. Zimmerman +  and Bruce D. Parfitt +
Authority
Backeberg +
Band coloration
white +
Bark pubescence or texture
woodlike +
Bark texture
hardened +
Basal pore size
large +
Base position relational
surrounding +
Basionyms
Echinocactus bicolor +
Bract architecture or shape
leaflike +
Bract presence
absent +
Bract shape
triangular +
Central spine atypical length
4.2 cm42 mm <br />0.042 m <br /> (5.8 cm58 mm <br />0.058 m <br />) +
Central spine atypical quantity
1 (4) +
Central spine atypical width
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br />) +
Central spine course
curved +  and straight +
Central spine length
13mm +  and 42mm +
Central spine quantity
1 +
Central spine shape
angled +, flattened +  and terete +
Central spine width
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
Chain architecture
sessile +
Chain architecture or shape
symmetric +
Chain life cycle
proliferating +
Chain orientation
arising +
Chamber architecture
open +
Cladode length or size
long +
Cladode shape
flattened +  and cylindric +
Cortex coating
not mucilaginous +
Cortex texture
firm +
Cortex width
thick +
Crest shape
notched +
Distribution
Tex. +
Elevation
1200-1300 m +
Epidermis arrangement
not separating +
Epidermis condition
intact +
Floral remnant duration
persistent +
Flower architecture
sessile +
Flower architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Flower architecture or shape
symmetric +
Flower arrangement
arranged +
Flower duration
diurnal +
Flower length or size
long +
Flower quantity
1 +
Flower reproduction
bisexual +
Flower shape
tubular +, urceolate +  and salverform +
Flower tube atypical some measurement
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
Flower tube fusion
adnate +
Flower tube position
epigynous +
Flower tube prominence
conspicuous +
Flower tube some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
Fruit architecture
spineless +
Fruit architecture or pubescence
scaly +
Fruit architecture or shape
berrylike +
Fruit atypical length
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Fruit atypical width
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br />) +
Fruit coloration
green;brownish purple +
Fruit condition
drying +
Fruit dehiscence
dehiscent +
Fruit duration
persistent +, long +  and deciduous +
Fruit length
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
Fruit length or size
long +
Fruit pubescence
hairless +
Fruit shape
spheric +  and short cylindric +
Fruit texture
not juicy +
Fruit width
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
Glochid presence
absent +
Groove presence
absent +
Groove prominence
conspicuous +
Habitat
Caballos novaculite outcrops in semidesert grasslands +
Hair density
dense +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
John Myers +
Inflorescence derivation
true +
Inner tepal coloration
Orange (?) +, Scarlet (?) +, Rose-pink (?) +  and Magenta (?) +
Inner tepal length
2.8 cm28 mm <br />0.028 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
Inner tepal orientation
spreading +
Inner tepal shape
petal-like +
Inner tepal width
5mm;12mm +
Largest spine width
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
Leaf architecture
sessile +
Leaf arrangement
alternate +
Leaf duration
deciduous +  and persistent +
Leaf presence
absent +
Leaf prominence
rudimentary +
Leaf shape
flat +  and terete +
Leaf size
nearly +  and microscopic +
Leaf some measurement
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
Long-shoot architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Long-shoot relief
tuberculate +
Long-shoot shape
fluted;spheric;depressed-spheric or club-shaped +
Longest spine atypical length
1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br /> (2.4 cm24 mm <br />0.024 m <br />) +
Longest spine atypical some measurement
1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br /> (2.4 cm24 mm <br />0.024 m <br />) +
Longest spine length
13mm +  and 18mm +
Longest spine shape
Terete (?) +
Longest spine some measurement
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
Longest spine width
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
Margin coloration
white +
Margin shape
fringed +  and denticulate +
Margin texture
scarious +
Nectary prominence
apparent +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Outer tepal architecture or shape
sepal-like +
Outer tepal shape
Fringed (?) +
Ovary architecture
spineless +
Ovary architecture or pubescence
scaly +
Ovary derivation
true +
Ovary position relational
surrounding +
Ovary prominence
sunken +
Ovary pubescence
hairless +
Perianth duration
deciduous +  and persistent +
Perianth position
epigynous +
Phenology
Flowering Mar–Sep. +
Pistil architecture
compound +
Pistil architecture or structure in adjective form
1-locular +
Pith coating
not mucilaginous +
Pith texture
firm +
Placenta arrangement
parietal +
Placenta atypical quantity
14 (20) +
Placenta quantity
3;14 +
Plant life cycle
older +  and young +
Portion architecture or shape
spiny +
Portion arrangement
separated +
Portion life cycle
flowering +
Protuberance fusion
coalescent +
Protuberance shape
ridgelike +  and nipple--shaped +
Publication title
Beitr. Sukkulentenk. Sukkulentenpflege +
Publication year
1941 +
Reference
None +
Rib atypical quantity
13 (25) +
Rib diameter
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
Rib orientation
vertical +
Rib presence
absent +
Rib prominence
defined +
Rib quantity
13 +
Rib relief
tuberculate +
Rib short-shoot architecture or shape
barbed +
Rib short-shoot size
minute +
Root density
diffuse +
Scale architecture or shape
leaflike +
Scale presence
absent +
Scale quantity
5 +  and 21 +
Scale shape
triangular +
Scale size
small +
Seed architecture
arillate +  and strophiolate +
Seed atypical quantity
0 (5) +
Seed coloration
dark-brown +  and black +
Seed diameter
0.4mm;12mm +
Seed length
0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
Seed quantity
1;3000 +
Seed relief
papillate +
Seed shape
cylindric;pyriform +
Seed size
constricted +
Seed some measurement
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Seed width
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.175 cm1.75 mm <br />0.00175 m <br />) +
Segment duration
persistent +
Segment fragility
detachable +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V4/V4 408.xml +
Special status
Endemic +
Spine architecture
bristlelike +
Spine architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Spine architecture or shape
ribbonlike +
Spine arrangement
radial +
Spine atypical length
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> (4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br />) +
Spine atypical quantity
20 (27) +
Spine atypical some measurement
7.5 cm75 mm <br />0.075 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
Spine coloration
yellow +
Spine coloration or pubescence or relief
striate +
Spine course
straight +
Spine duration
deciduous +  and persistent +
Spine fragility
pliable +
Spine length
9mm +  and 35mm +
Spine position
adaxial +
Spine presence
absent +
Spine prominence or shape
flat +
Spine pubescence
glabrous +
Spine pubescence or relief
rough +
Spine quantity
12 (?) +  and 20 (?) +
Spine shape
ribbonlike +, bladelike +  and flattened +
Spine some measurement
1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br /> (7.5 cm75 mm <br />0.075 m <br />) +
Spine texture
hard +  and rigid +
Spine width
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
Spine width or width
0-4 times wider than thick +
Stamen quantity
50;1500 +
Stamen shape
decurrent +
Stem apex atypical length
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
Stem apex atypical width
6.5 cm65 mm <br />0.065 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
Stem apex length
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
Stem apex width
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (6.5 cm65 mm <br />0.065 m <br />) +
Stem architecture
unsegmented +
Stem atypical length
9cm (13cm) +
Stem atypical width
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
Stem coloration
greenish +
Stem height or length or size
short +
Stem length
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br />) +
Stem pubescence
glabrous +
Stem shape
spheric +  and flat-topped +
Stem texture
succulent +
Stem width
4cm;6cm +
Stigma lobe atypical quantity
14 (20) +
Stigma lobe coloration
reddish +  and red-orange or pale reddish-brown or yellowish +
Stigma lobe quantity
7;13 +
Stigma lobe some measurement
4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br /> (?) +
Stipule presence
absent +
Style quantity
1 +
Surface architecture or shape
ribbed +
Surface prominence
hidden +
Surface relief
tuberculate +
Surface texture
woody +
Taproot architecture
adventitous +
Taproot density
diffuse +
Taproot derivation
adventitious +
Taproot height or length or size
short +
Taproot shape
tuberlike +
Taxon family
Cactaceae +
Taxon habitat
epipetric +  and epiphytic +
Taxon name
Thelocactus bicolor var. flavidispinus +
Taxon parent
Thelocactus bicolor +
Taxon rank
variety +
Tepal quantity
5;50 +
Testa cell shape
convex +
Testa reflectance
dull +  and glossy +
Tubercle arrangement
confluent +
Tubercle fusion
distinct +
Tubercle presence
absent +
Tubercle prominence
prominent +
Tubercle shape
compressed +, pyramidal +, conic +  and rounded +
Tubercle width
8mm +  and 15mm +
Volume
Volume 4 +
Whole organism architecture
unbranched +
Whole organism architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Whole organism duration
perennial +
Whole organism growth form
plant +
Whole organism habitat
epiphytic;epiphytic;epiphytic +
Whole organism height or length or size
short +
Whole organism location
deep-seated +
Whole organism orientation
erect +
Whole organism shape
barrel-shaped +  and spheric +
X chromosome quantity
11 +