Aegilops triuncialis

L.
Common names: Barbed goatgrass
Introduced
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 265.
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Illustrator: Cindy Roché

Copyright: Utah State University

Culms 17-60 cm, geniculate to semiprostrate at the base, usually with several tillers. Sheaths with hyaline margins, lower cauline sheath margins usually ciliate; blades 1.5-7 cm long, 2-3 mm wide. Spikes 2.2-6 cm long, bases 0.4-0.5 cm wide, narrowly ellipsoid, becoming subcylindrical distally, with 2-7 fertile spikelets; rudimentary spikelets (2) 3; disarticulation at the base of the spikes. Lower fertile spikelets 7-13 mm, lanceolate-ovate, with 3-5 florets, the first 1-2 florets fertile; upper spikelets 7-9 mm, reduced. Glumes of lower fertile spikelets 6-10 mm, 2-3-awned, awns 1.5-6 cm, glabrous, scabrous, or velutinous, if 3-awned, the central awn often shorter than the lateral awns, sometimes reduced to a tooth; glumes of apical spikelets 6-8 mm, 3-awned or with 1 awn and 2 lateral teeth, awns 2.5-8 cm, if 3-awned, the central awn the longest; lemmas of lower fertile spikelets 7-11 mm, with 2-3 teeth, if 3-toothed, the central tooth the longest, sometimes extending into a 10 mm awn. Caryopses 5-8 mm, falling free from the lemmas and paleas. Haplomes UC. 2n = 28.

Distribution

Md., Calif., N.Y., Pa., Oreg., Nev.

Discussion

North American collections of Aegilops triuncialis are from disturbed sites, mostly roadsides and railroads. The native range of the species extends from the Mediterranean area east to central Asia and south to Saudi Arabia. Specimens from the Flora region belong to Aegilops triuncialis L. var. triuncialis, in which the glumes of the apical spikelets have a 5-8 cm central awn flanked by shorter (1-3 cm) lateral awns, and the glumes of the lower fertile spikelets have 2-3 awns of 1.5-6 cm. In A. triuncialis var. persica (Boiss.) Eig, the glumes of the apical spikelets have a 2.5-5.5 cm central awn, and 2 lateral awns of 0.6-2.5 cm that are sometimes reduced to teeth; the lower fertile spikelets have 2 teeth, or 1 tooth and 1 awn to 1 cm long.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number."-2(3)timesthelengthof" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Aegilops triuncialis"
membranous +  and scarious +
not penicillate +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
toothed +, awned +  and truncate +
indurate +
Sandra M. Saufferer +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
basal +  and apical +
velutinous +, scabrous +  and glabrous +
2 +  and 1 +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
subcylindrical +  and ellipsoid +
swelling +
0.4cm +  and 0.5cm +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
not evident +
linear +  and linear-lanceolate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
spikelike +
hairy +  and glabrous +
Barbed goatgrass +
not branching +
geniculate +
17 cm170 mm <br />0.17 m <br /> (60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br />) +
not woody +
Md. +, Calif. +, N.Y. +, Pa. +, Oreg. +  and Nev. +
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
1 +  and 2 +
laterally compressed +  and terete +
shorter than to longer than the adjacent florets +
subtending +
pubescent +  and scabrous +
rounded +, ovate +  and rectangular +
unequal +
uncinate +
solid +  and hollow +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
rounded +
stiffly membranous +  and coriaceous +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
lanceolate +
fleshy +  and membranous +
5 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 4 +
2 +  and 1 +
hairy +  and glabrous +
well-developed +
slightly longer +
2-keeled +
subequal +
dry +  and fleshy +
spikelike +
Introduced +
2.2 cm22 mm <br />0.022 m <br /> (?) +  and 6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (?) +
subsessile +  and sessile +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
3 +, 2 +  and 7 +
3-toothed +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
not papillate +
Gramineae +
Aegilops triuncialis +
Aegilops +
species +
membranous +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +