Agalinis heterophylla

(Nuttall) Small in N. L. Britton and A. Brown

Ill. Fl. N. U.S. ed. 2, 3: 209. 1913.

Common names: Prairie false foxglove
Endemic
Basionym: Gerardia heterophylla Nuttall Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s. 5: 180. 1835
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 545. Mentioned on page 536, 540.

Stems branched, 40–100 cm; branches spreading-ascending, obtusely quadrangular-ridged, glabrous or scabridulous, sometimes slightly glaucous. Leaves spreading-ascending (primary branches) to erect or ascending (secondary branches); blade narrowly lanceolate to elliptic-lanceolate, 10–40 (–50) x 2–6 (–7) mm, not fleshy, margins of proximalmost sometimes 3-cleft, distal entire, midvein sometimes abaxially scabrous, adaxial surface scabridulous to slightly scabrous; axillary fascicles absent, rarely developed. Inflorescences racemes, elongate, flowers 2 per node; bracts longer than pedicels. Pedicels ascending, 1–5 (–6) mm, glabrous. Flowers: calyx campanulate, tube 3–5 (–7) mm, glabrous, lobes lanceolate, 3–8 mm, unequal; corolla pale to dark-pink, with 2 yellow lines and dark purple spots in abaxial throat, 20–32 mm, throat pilose externally and glabrous within across bases of adaxial lobes, sparsely villous at sinus, lobes: abaxial spreading, adaxial spreading-reflexed, 6–9 mm, glabrous externally; proximal anthers parallel to filaments, distal perpendicular to filaments, pollen-sacs 2.5–4 mm; style exserted, 11–24 mm. Capsules ovoid-oblong, 5–9 mm. Seeds dark-brown, 0.7–1.1 mm. 2n = 28.


Phenology: Flowering late Aug–early Oct.
Habitat: Moist open sites, moist prairies, margins of mesic to wet forests, fallow fields, roadsides, ditches, margins of marshes and ponds, disturbed sandy soils.
Elevation: 0–300 m.

Distribution

Ala., Ark., Kans., La., Miss., Mo., N.C., Okla., Tenn., Tex.

Discussion

Agalinis heterophylla is the most common species of Agalinis in Oklahoma and is common in southern Arkansas, eastern Texas, and throughout Louisiana, except the extreme southeastern portion of the state (J. E. Williams 1973; K. A. Vincent 1982). The species occurs sporadically in eastern Mississippi and is rare in Alabama, Missouri, and Tennessee. It differs from the closely related, and rare, A. calycina by wider leaves, shorter pedicels, larger corollas, and smaller capsules. It differs from A. auriculata, which has auriculate leaves, retrorse hairs on stems and branches, spikelike racemes, and ovate-lanceolate calyx lobes.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Agalinis heterophylla"
rounded +  and gibbous +
spreading-reflexed +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
scabridulous +  and slightly scabrous +
Judith M. Canne-Hilliker† +  and John F. Hays +
(Nuttall) Small in N. L. Britton and A. Brown +
Gerardia heterophylla +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
narrowly lanceolate;elliptic-lanceolate +
not fleshy +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
spreading-ascending +
glaucous +  and glabrous +
scabridulous +
quadrangular-ridged +
campanulate +
ovoid-oblong +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
Prairie false foxglove +
bilabiate +  and symmetric +
pale +  and dark-pink +
subrotate +, cylindric +, club--shaped +, salverform +, campanulate +  and tubular +
Ala. +, Ark. +, Kans. +, La. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, N.C. +, Okla. +, Tenn. +  and Tex. +
0–300 m. +
glabrate +  and lanate +
indehiscent +, septicidal +, loculicidal +  and dehiscence +
Moist open sites, moist prairies, margins of mesic to wet forests, fallow fields, roadsides, ditches, margins of marshes and ponds, disturbed sandy soils. +
axillary +  and terminal +
alternate +, subopposite +  and opposite +
deciduous +
spreading-ascending +  and erect or ascending +
yellow;yellow;yellow +
lanceolate +
unequal +
2-pinnatifid +, pinnatifid +  and cleft +
tenuinucellate +  and unitegmic +
campylotropous-like +
spikelike +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Flowering late Aug–early Oct. +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
Ill. Fl. N. U.S. ed. +
spikelike +
dark-brown +
60 +  and 600 +
0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> (0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br />) +
dark purple +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (3.2 cm32 mm <br />0.032 m <br />) +
subequal +
aerial +  and subterranean +
leaning +  and erect +
sericeous +, glabrate +, hispid +  and glabrous +
papillate +  and scabridulous +
40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br /> (100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br />) +
1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br /> (2.4 cm24 mm <br />0.024 m <br />) +
Tomanthera +
Agalinis heterophylla +
Agalinis +
species +
villous +, glabrous +  and pilose +
campanulate +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
perennial +  and annual +