Anthoxanthum occidentale

(Buckley) Veldkamp
Common names: California sweetgrass
Synonyms: Hierochloe occidentals
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 762.

Plants perennial; loosely cespitose or the culms solitary, rhizomes elongate, 1-3 mm thick. Culms (4) 60-90 cm. Sheaths scabrous to scabridulous; ligules 1.5-4 (6) mm, rounded to truncate; blades 20-40 cm long, (3) 5-15 mm wide, flat, rather stiffly erect, narrowing to the base, glabrous, often glaucous, veins widely spaced, cross venation evident on the abaxial surfaces; flag leaf-blades 3.5-10 cm. Panicles 8-13 cm long, (1) 2-6 cm wide, diffuse, with slender, often drooping branches and 3+ spikelets per branch. Spikelets 4.5-6 mm, tawny or green to olive-green, sometimes infused with purple; rachilla internodes 0.2-0.5 mm, glabrous. Glumes subequal, equaling or slightly exceeded by the apices of the bisexual florets; lower glumes 4.5-5 mm long, 0.7-1 mm wide; upper glumes 3.5-5.2 mm long, 1-1.8 mm wide; lowest 2 florets staminate; lemmas usually mostly glabrous on the body, sometimes scattered-pubescent, scabridulous near the apices, margins usually pilose, apices rounded and shallowly bilobed, unawned or awned, awns to 1 mm; first lemma 4-5 mm long, 0.75-1 mm wide, length more than 5 times width, narrowly elliptic; bisexual lemmas 3.5-4.5 mm, margins pilose, particularly distally; anthers 2-3.5 mm. 2n = 42.

Discussion

Anthoxanthum occidentale grows in moist to fairly dry forested areas, from Klickitat County, Washington, south to the coastal mountains of San Luis Obispo County, California. Its long flag leaf blades and more elongate spikelet parts make it easier to distinguish from A. hirtum than the key suggests.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

No values specified."decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Anthoxanthum occidentale"
membranous +  and scarious +
3 +  and 2 +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
awned +  and bilobed +
rounded +
Kelly W. Allied +  and Mary E. Barkworth +
(Buckley) Veldkamp +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
straight +
basal +  and terminal +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
not evident +
glaucous +  and glabrous +
rolled +  and flat +
spikelike +
slender +
hairy +  and glabrous +
California sweetgrass +
geniculate +
60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br /> (90 cm900 mm <br />0.9 m <br />) +
not woody +
Conn. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, Wash. +, Del. +, D.C +, Wis. +, W.Va. +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Greenland +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. +, N.S. +, N.W.T. +, Nunavut +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Yukon +, Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +, Mass. +, Maine +, N.H. +, R.I. +, Vt. +, Fla. +, N.Mex. +, Tex. +, La. +, Tenn. +, N.C. +, S.C. +, Pa. +, Alaska +, Va. +, Colo. +, Iowa +, Miss. +, Calif. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Ill. +, Ga. +, Ind. +, Okla. +, Idaho +, Md. +, Ohio +, Mo. +, Minn. +, Mich. +, Oreg. +, Mont. +  and Ky. +
1/4 +  and 1/3 +
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
capillary +
sometimes longer +
compressed +
reduced +
shorter or longer +
subtending +
pilose +  and glabrous +
keeled +, lanceolate +  and ovate +
subequal +
slightly +  and equaling +
uncinate +
0 +  and 1/3 +
hairy +  and glabrous +
3-7-veined +  and 3-veined +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
scattered-pubescent +  and glabrous +
scabridulous +
compressed +
subequal +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
0.75mm +  and 1mm +
rounded +  and truncate +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
lanceolate +
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
0.7mm +  and 1mm +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
hairy +  and glabrous +
well-developed +
2-keeled +
8cm +  and 13cm +
spikelike +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
not prolonged +
scabrous +  and scabridulous +
sessile +  and pedicellate +
green +  and olive-green +
compressed +
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Hierochloe occidentals +
Anthoxanthum occidentale +
Anthoxanthum +
species +
membranous +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.52 cm5.2 mm <br />0.0052 m <br />) +
1mm +  and 1.8mm +
plant +  and cespitose +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +