View source for Azollaceae

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Azollaceae
|accepted_authority=Wettstein
|publications=
|common_names=Azolla Family
|basionyms=
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Azollaceae
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Azollaceae]]</div></div>
|volume=Volume 2
|mention_page=
|treatment_page=page 338
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism growth form or habitat;whole_organism growth form or location;whole_organism condition;whole_organism growth form"><b>Plants </b>aquatic, floating on placid water, occasionally stranded, subsisting on mud;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="whole_organism reproduction;whole_organism reproduction;whole_organism reproduction;whole_organism growth form">plants heterosporous (producing 2 kinds of spores), leptosporangiate, proliferous by axillary fragmentation.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="root coloration;root architecture or arrangement;root arrangement"><b>Roots </b>translucent to brown, lax, singular [in bundles] without branches, emerging at stem branch points;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="root hair some measurement">root hairs to 1 cm, emerging from root cap.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="stem coloration;stem growth form or orientation;stem shape;stem shape;stem orientation"><b>Stems </b>usually not green, with extensive subdichotomous branching, prostrate and reniform or polyreniform, or nearly erect.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="rank quantity"><b>Leaves </b>sessile, alternate, often imbricate, in 2 ranks along upper side of stem, 0.6–2 mm wide;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="leaf architecture;leaf arrangement;leaf arrangement;leaf width;lobe quantity">each leaf with 2 lobes;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="upper lobe coloration;upper lobe coloration;upper lobe nutrition;margin size or width;margin coloration;cell quantity;cell width;algae coloration;cavity shape">upper (emersed) lobe greenish or reddish and photosynthetic, with narrow colorless margin, several cells thick, bearing colony of blue-green algae (Anabaena) in ovoid cavity at base of lower side;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="lower lobe growth form or location;lower lobe prominence;lower lobe size;lower lobe coloration;lower lobe quantity;cell width;cell shape">lower lobe often floating or immersed, slightly larger than upper lobe, mostly not green (often colorless and translucent), 1 cell thick except at base, ± cupshaped.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties=""><b>Sporocarps </b>in pairs [tetrads] at base of lateral branches, members of pair of same sex or of different sexes.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="megasporangium quantity;functional megaspore quantity"><b>Megasporocarps </b>containing 1 megasporangium that produces 1 functional megaspore.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="megaspore shape;megaspore some measurement;megaspore shape;structure coloration;structure shape;structure width"><b>Megaspore </b>spheric, 0.2–0.6 mm, topped with dark, conic, slightly narrower structure (indusium) covering 3 [9] floats and a blue-green algal colony.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="microsporocarp shape;microsporocarp shape;microsporocarp diameter;microsporangium quantity"><b>Microsporocarps </b>globose, apically umbonate, 10–27µm diam., containing to 130 microsporangia;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="microsporangium quantity;microsporangium quantity;microsporangium diameter;microsporangium arrangement;mass quantity;barb shape">microsporangia containing 32 or 64 microspores 3 µm diam., aggregated into 3–10 masses covered with arrowlike barbs [glabrous or with needlelike hairs on 1 side].</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=Worldwide;tropical to temperate regions
|discussion=<p>Azollaceae has been included in Salviniaceae, but the relationship is not close.</p><!--
--><p>In this treatment, "upper lobe" refers to the emersed lobe and "lower lobe" refers to the immersed lobe. Developmentally, the emersed lobe is actually abaxial and the immersed lobe is adaxial. To facilitate identification in the field, however, the terms describe the appearance of the lobes to the viewer, not the development of the lobes.</p><!--
--><p>Genus 1, species ca. 7 (3 species in the flora).</p>
|tables=
|references={{Treatment/Reference
|id=christensen1938a
|text=Christensen, C. 1938. Azollaceae. In: F. Verdoorn, ed. 1938. Manual of Pteridology. The Hague. P. 550.
}}{{Treatment/Reference
|id=reed1954a
|text=Reed, C. F. 1954. Index Marsileata et Salviniata. Bol. Soc. Brot., ser. 2a, 28: 1--61.
}}
}}<!--

--><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Azollaceae
|author=Thomas A. Lumpkin
|authority=Wettstein
|rank=family
|parent rank=
|synonyms=
|basionyms=
|family=Azollaceae
|illustrator=John Myers
|illustration copyright=Flora of North America Association
|distribution=Worldwide;tropical to temperate regions
|reference=christensen1938a;reed1954a
|publication title=
|publication year=
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V2/V2_448.xml
|algae coloration=blue-green
|barb shape=arrowlike
|cavity shape=ovoid
|cell quantity=several
|cell shape=cup-shaped
|cell width=thick;thick
|functional megaspore quantity=1
|leaf architecture=sessile
|leaf arrangement=imbricate;alternate
|leaf width=0.6mm;2mm
|lobe quantity=2
|lower lobe coloration=green
|lower lobe growth form or location=floating
|lower lobe prominence=immersed
|lower lobe quantity=1
|lower lobe size=slightly larger
|margin coloration=colorless
|margin size or width=narrow
|mass quantity=3;10
|megasporangium quantity=1
|megaspore shape=topped;spheric
|megaspore some measurement=0.2mm;0.6mm
|microsporangium arrangement=aggregated
|microsporangium diameter=3
|microsporangium quantity=64;32;130
|microsporocarp diameter=10µm;27µm
|microsporocarp shape=umbonate;globose
|rank quantity=2
|root architecture or arrangement=lax
|root arrangement=singular
|root coloration=translucent;brown
|root hair some measurement=0cm;1cm
|stem coloration=green
|stem growth form or orientation=prostrate
|stem orientation=erect
|stem shape=polyreniform;reniform
|structure coloration=dark
|structure shape=conic
|structure width=narrower
|upper lobe coloration=reddish;greenish
|upper lobe nutrition=photosynthetic
|whole_organism condition=stranded
|whole_organism growth form=plant;plant
|whole_organism growth form or habitat=aquatic
|whole_organism growth form or location=floating
|whole_organism reproduction=proliferous;leptosporangiate;heterosporous
}}<!--

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