Bigelowia

de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle

in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 5: 329. 1836.

Common names: Rayless-goldenrod
Etymology: For Jacob Bigelow, 1787–1879, Massachusetts medical and botanical scholar
Synonyms: Chondrophora Rafinesque
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 95. Mentioned on page 5, 96.
 TaxonIllustrator 
FNA20 P10 Biglowia nuttallii.jpegBigelowia nuttallii
Euthamia caroliniana
Euthamia graminifolia
Barbara Alongi
Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey
Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey

Subshrubs, 30–70 cm (cespitose or colonial; caudices fibrous-rooted, short rhizomes or basal offsets). Stems erect, often subscapiform, early viscid, glabrous. Leaves basal (persistent rosettes); alternate; sessile; blades (3-nerved) linear to oblanceolate or spatulate, 4–14 cm, margins entire, faces gland-dotted (in pits); cauline linear, bractlike, abruptly or progressively reduced distally. Heads discoid, (in glomerate clusters) in compact to open, flat-topped, corymbiform arrays. Involucres cylindro-turbinate to cylindric, (4.5–9 ×) ca. 2 mm. Phyllaries 10–20 in 3–4 series, in vertical ranks, appressed (yellowish, sometimes green-tipped), 1-nerved (midnerves barely evident; weekly keeled) narrowly lanceolate to nearly linear, unequal, margins narrowly scarious, abaxial faces glabrous. Receptacles flat, pitted, epaleate. Ray-florets 0. Disc-florets 2–6, bisexual, fertile; corollas yellow, tubular, tubes shorter than or subequal to throats, lobes 5, recurved, lanceolate; style-branch appendages lanceolate. Cypselae turbinate to subcylindric, sometimes slightly compressed to nearly quadrate, 4–5-nerved (nerves thin, resinous), sparsely strigose; pappi persistent, of 40–50, tan, unequal, barbellate, apically attenuate bristles in 1 (–2) series. x = 9.

Distribution

se United States

Discussion

Species 2 (2 in the flora).

Bigelowia is recognized by its leaves basally disposed or in basal rosettes, slender, subscapiform stems, and densely corymbiform arrays of small, cylindro-turbinate, discoid heads with phyllaries in vertical ranks and yellow corollas. Karyotypes of Bigelowia species, as well as various floral features, resemble those of Euthamia (L. C. Anderson 1970, 1972), and a hypothesis of relationship has been tentatively confirmed by molecular evidence (M. A. Lane et al. 1996). G. L. Nesom (1994) placed Bigelowia closest to Chrysoma, Euthamia, Gundlachia, and Xylothamia on the basis of morphologic evidence.

Key

1 Plants with rhizomes or crowns, sometimes enlarging by offsets from stem/caudex bases; leaves linear-oblanceolate to oblanceolate or narrowly spatulate, 2–14 mm wide, bases not persistent Bigelowia nudata
1 Plants with rhizomelike caudex branches (becoming colonial or loosely matted); leaves linear, 1–2 mm wide, bases persistent (± sheathing branches of caudices) Bigelowia nuttallii

"[" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."]" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Bigelowia"
not tailed +, rounded +  and obtuse +
distinct +
subequal +
scarious +
usually triangular +  and linear +
usually deltate +  and lanceolate +
corymbiform +, compact +  and open +
indeterminate +  and determinate +
flat-topped +
Guy L. Nesom +
de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle +
decurrent +
compound +  and simple +
linear;oblanceolate or spatulate +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br />) +
rugulose +  and muricate +
Rayless-goldenrod +
not 2-lipped +  and actinomorphic +
beaked +, 2-ribbed +  and 5-ribbed +
sometimes slightly compressed +  and nearly quadrate +
fertile +  and bisexual +
fertile +  and bisexual +
se United States +
For Jacob Bigelow, 1787–1879, Massachusetts medical and botanical scholar +
gland-dotted +
pistillate +, staminate +  and neuter +
winged +  and beaked +
dispersed +
indeterminate +
heterogamous +  and homogamous +
each +  and sessile +
cylindro-turbinate;cylindric +
lanceolate +
2-carpellate +
persistent +
narrowly lanceolate +  and nearly linear +
in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. +
styliferous +, neuter +  and pistillate +
bearing subulate enations +, hairy +  and bristly +
concave;usually flat;conic +
anderson1970a +, anderson1972b +  and anderson1977a +
exalbuminous +
appendaged +  and truncate +
papillate +  and smooth +
Chondrophora +
Bigelowia +
Asteraceae tribe Astereae +
subequal +
perennial +, biennial +  and annual +