Boykinia occidentalis

Torrey & A. Gray

Fl. N. Amer. 1: 577. 1840 ,.

Common names: Coast boykinia
IllustratedEndemic
Synonyms: Boykinia cincinnata (Rosendahl & Rydberg) Fedde Boykinia elata (Nuttall) Greene Boykinia elata var. cincinnata (Rosendahl & Rydberg) Rosendahl ex Engler Boykinia elata var. occidentalis (Torrey & A. Gray) Rosendahl ex Engler Boykinia nuttallii Nuttall Boykinia occidentalis var. cincinnata (Rosendahl & Rydberg) Rosendahl Boykinia occidentalis var. elata (Nuttall) A. Gray Boykinia vancouverensis (Torrey & A. Gray) Kuntze Saxifraga elata Rydberg Therofon cincinnatum Therofon elatum Therofon occidentale Therofon vancouverense
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 127. Mentioned on page 126, 128.
Revision as of 11:58, 30 July 2020 by imported>Volume Importer
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Plants: rhizomes proliferating underground. Flowering-stems 15–60 (–100) cm. Basal leaves: petiole (3–) 6–18 (–27) cm; blade usually ± orbiculate-cordate, sometimes reniform, 3–9-lobed to 1/2 its length, (1.5–) 2–8 (–11) × (1.5–) 3–8 (–12) cm, margins 2–3-times crenate to dentate. Cauline leaves: stipules 1–2 mm expansions of petiole base, fringed with brown hairs. Inflorescences pyramidal, 5–10 (–19) -flowered per primary branch. Pedicels densely stipitate-glandular. Flowers: hypanthium campanulate to turbinate, free portion (0.7–) 0.9–1.2 (–1.8) mm, densely stipitate-glandular; sepals erect, lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, 1–2.5 mm, apex acute; petals spatulate to ovate, (2.5–) 4–6 (–7) × 1–2 mm, 2–3 times as long as sepals, base tapered to claw, margins plane; nectary green; stamens 1–1.5 mm; ovary 3/4 inferior. Capsules ovoid, turbinate, or urceolate. Seeds usually black, tuberculate. 2n = 14.


Phenology: Flowering summer.
Habitat: Damp woodland, margins of lakes, ponds, bogs, and watercourses, often on disturbed soil, trailsides, mudslides
Elevation: 0-1400(-1700) m

Distribution

V8 254-distribution-map.gif

B.C., Calif., Oreg., Wash.

Discussion

The nomenclature of Boykinia occidentalis has been reviewed by R. J. Gornall and B. A. Bohm (1985). It is a polymorphic species but is not as variable as the extensive synonymy might suggest. Taxa have been described on the basis of variation in inflorescence shape, pubescence, stem color, and sepal orientation. It has been shown that these characters are subject to phenotypic plasticity or developmental age and, as such, provide no grounds for dividing the species (Gornall and Bohm). It is sometimes grown in gardens.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"full" is not a number.

... more about "Boykinia occidentalis"
palmate +  and grooved +
epigynous +, perigynous +  and hypogynous +
Richard J. Gornall +
Torrey & A. Gray +
tapered +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (11 cm110 mm <br />0.11 m <br />) +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
dentate +, serrate +  and entire +
glandular-ciliate +  and ciliate +
3-9-lobed +, reniform +  and orbiculate-cordate +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (?) +  and 8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (?) +
bracteate +  and (3-)5-20(-30)-flowered +
urceolate +, turbinate +  and ovoid +
3-carpellate +  and 2-carpellate +
Coast boykinia +
B.C. +, Calif. +, Oreg. +  and Wash. +
0-1400(-1700) m +
linear +  and subulate +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br /> (100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br />) +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br />) +
2-3(-4)-beaked +  and folliclelike +
Damp woodland, margins of lakes, ponds, bogs, and watercourses, often on disturbed soil, trailsides, mudslides +
multicellular +
free +  and adnate +
campanulate +  and turbinate +
5-10(-19)-flowered +
opposite +  and alternate +
plane +, crenate +  and dentate +
0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
crassinucellate +, unitegmic +  and bitegmic +
stipitate-glandular +
epigynous +, perigynous +  and hypogynous +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
distinct +
2-3 times as long as sepals +, 4mm +  and 6mm +
spatulate +  and ovate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
peltate +  and jointed +
18 cm180 mm <br />0.18 m <br /> (27 cm270 mm <br />0.27 m <br />) +
stipitate-glandular +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (18 cm180 mm <br />0.18 m <br />) +
Flowering summer. +
unequal +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
stipitate-glandular +
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
Fl. N. Amer. +
proliferating +
underground +
spiny +  and ribbed +
straight +
tuberculate +
ellipsoid +
green +  and purple +
distinct +
lanceolate +  and narrowly lanceolate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
unbranched +  and branched +
persistent +
horizontal +  and erect +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (?) +
connate +  and distinct +
stipitate-glandular +
Boykinia cincinnata +, Boykinia elata +, Boykinia elata var. cincinnata +, Boykinia elata var. occidentalis +, Boykinia nuttallii +, Boykinia occidentalis var. cincinnata +, Boykinia occidentalis var. elata +, Boykinia vancouverensis +, Saxifraga elata +, Therofon cincinnatum +, Therofon elatum +, Therofon occidentale +  and Therofon vancouverense +
Boykinia occidentalis +
Boykinia +
species +
crenate +  and serrate +
not stoloniferous +  and rhizomatous +
annual +, biennial +  and perennial +