Bromus carinatus

Hook. & Arn.
Synonyms: Ceratochloa carinata
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 203.
Revision as of 01:52, 30 July 2020 by imported>Volume Importer
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Plants annual, biennial, or perennial; loosely cespitose. Culms 45-120 (180) cm tall, usually less than 3 mm thick, erect. Sheaths mostly glabrous or retrorsely soft pilose, throats usually hairy; auricles sometimes present on the lower leaves; ligules 1-3.5 (4) mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy, acute to obtuse, lacerate or erose; blades 8-30 cm long, 1-12 mm wide, flat or becoming involute, glabrous or sparsely pilose to pubescent on 1 or both surfaces. Panicles 5-40 cm, lax, open or erect; lower branches usually shorter than 10 cm, 1-4 per node, ascending to strongly divergent or reflexed, with 1-4 spikelets variously distributed. Spikelets 20-40 mm, shorter than at least some pedicels and branches, elliptic to lanceolate, strongly laterally compressed, not crowded or overlapping, sometimes purplish, with 4-11 florets. Glumes glabrous or pubescent; lower glumes 7-11 mm, 3-7 (9) -veined; upper glumes 9-13 mm, shorter than the lowest lemma, 5-9 (11) -veined; lemmas 10-16 (17) mm, lanceolate, laterally compressed, strongly keeled distally, usually more or less uniformly pubescent or pubescent on the margins only, sometimes glabrous or scabrous, 7-9-veined, veins usually not raised or riblike, apices entire or with acute teeth shorter than 1 mm; awns 4-17 mm, sometimes slightly geniculate; anthers 1-6 mm. 2n = 28, 42, 56.

Distribution

N.Mex., Wash., Alaska, Alta., B.C., Ont., Yukon, Colo., Kans., Calif., Oreg.

Discussion

Bromus carinatus is native from British Columbia to Saskatchewan and south to Mexico. It has been introduced to various more eastern locations and to the southern Yukon Territory. The two varieties recognized here are sometimes recognized as species.

Selected References

None.

Key

1 Most awns 8-17 mm long Bromus carinatus var. carinatus
1 Most awns 4-7 mm long Bromus carinatus var. marginatus

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Bromus carinatus"
56 +, 42 +  and 28 +
membranous +  and scarious +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
with acute teeth +  and entire +
toothed +  and emarginate +
Leon E. Pavlickf +
Hook. & Arn. +
divaricate +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
straight +
distinct +
subterminal +  and terminal +
geniculate +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br />) +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
not evident +
sparsely pilose +  and pubescent +
cross +, linear +  and narrowly lanceolate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
drooping;reflexed;usually ascending;spreading +
spikelike +
not branching +
45 cm450 mm <br />0.45 m <br /> (120 cm1,200 mm <br />1.2 m <br />) +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (190 cm1,900 mm <br />1.9 m <br />) +
not woody +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
N.Mex. +, Wash. +, Alaska +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Ont. +, Yukon +, Colo. +, Kans. +, Calif. +  and Oreg. +
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
4 +  and 11 +
terete +  and laterally compressed +
1-9(11)-veined +
always shorter +  and usually shorter +
lanceolate +
subtending +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
mucronate +  and acute +
unequal +
uncinate +
solid +  and hollow +
scabrous +, glabrous +  and pubescent +
keeled +, compressed +  and lanceolate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.6 cm16 mm <br />0.016 m <br />) +
herbaceous +  and coriaceous +
hairy +  and glabrous +
lacerate +, acute +  and obtuse +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
lanceolate +
fleshy +  and membranous +
reflexed +  and ascending +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (?) +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
hairy +  and glabrous +
well-developed +
reduced +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
pilose +, soft +  and glabrous +
overlapping +, not crowded +  and distributed +
not viviparous +
compressed +, elliptic +  and lanceolate +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Ceratochloa carinata +
Bromus carinatus +
Bromus sect. Ceratochloa +
species +
membranous +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br />) +
perennial +, biennial +  and annual +
plant +  and cespitose +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +