Bromus ciliatus

L.
Common names: Fringed brome Brome cilie
Synonyms: Bromus dudleyi Bromus ciliatus var. intonsus Bromus canadensis Bromopsis ciliata Bromopsis canadensis
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 222.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Cindy Roché

Copyright: Utah State University

Plants perennial; not rhizomatous. Culms 45-120 (150) cm, erect; nodes (3) 4-7 (8), all pubescent or the lower nodes sometimes glabrous; internodes glabrous. Basal sheaths usually retrorsely pilose, sometimes glabrous; upper sheaths glabrous, throats glabrous or pilose, midrib of the culm leaves not abruptly narrowed just below the collar; auricles sometimes present; ligules 0.4-1.4 mm, usually glabrous, rarely pilose, truncate, erose; blades 13-25 cm long, 4-10 mm wide, flat, abaxial surfaces usually glabrous, sometimes pilose, adaxial surfaces usually pilose, sometimes glabrous. Panicles 10-20 cm, open, nodding; branches ascending, spreading, or drooping. Spikelets 15-25 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed, with 4-9 florets. Glumes glabrous; lower glumes 5.5-7.5 mm, 1 (3) -veined; upper glumes 7.1-8.5 mm, 3-veined, not mucronate; lemmas 9.5-14 mm, elliptic to lanceolate, rounded over the midvein, backs glabrous, sometimes scabrous, margins conspicuously hirsute on the lower 1/2 - 2/3, apices obtuse to acute, entire; awns 3-5 mm, straight, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices; anthers 1-1.4 mm. 2n = 14.

Distribution

Ala., Calif., Iowa, Idaho, Ill., Ind., Md., Mich., Minn., N.C., N.Dak., Nebr., N.J., Nev., N.Y., Ohio, Oreg., Pa., Tenn., Utah, Wash., Wis., W.Va., Wyo., Conn., Mass., N.H., R.I., Maine, Vt., N.Mex., Tex., Va., Colo., Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.S., N.W.T., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Yukon, Alaska, Ariz., Mont., S.Dak., Ky.

Discussion

Bromus ciliatus grows in damp meadows, thickets, woods, and stream banks across almost all of northern North America except the high arctic, extending further south mainly through the western United States to Mexico. Some taxonomists have named plants with different degrees of sheath pubescence as different forms. Because the variation is continuous, such differences are not formally recognized in this treatment.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Bromus ciliatus"
pilose +  and glabrous +
membranous +  and scarious +
glabrous +  and pilose +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br />) +
obtuse +  and acute +
Leon E. Pavlickf +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
straight +
distinct +
subterminal +  and terminal +
geniculate +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
keeled +  and rounded +
glabrous +  and pilose +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
13 cm130 mm <br />0.13 m <br /> (25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br />) +
not evident +
cross +, linear +  and narrowly lanceolate +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
drooping;spreading;drooping;spreading;ascending +
spikelike +
Fringed brome +  and Brome cilie +
not branching +
45 cm450 mm <br />0.45 m <br /> (120 cm1,200 mm <br />1.2 m <br />) +
not woody +
Ala. +, Calif. +, Iowa +, Idaho +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Md. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, N.C. +, N.Dak. +, Nebr. +, N.J. +, Nev. +, N.Y. +, Ohio +, Oreg. +, Pa. +, Tenn. +, Utah +, Wash. +, Wis. +, W.Va. +, Wyo. +, Conn. +, Mass. +, N.H. +, R.I. +, Maine +, Vt. +, N.Mex. +, Tex. +, Va. +, Colo. +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. +, N.S. +, N.W.T. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Yukon +, Alaska +, Ariz. +, Mont. +, S.Dak. +  and Ky. +
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
4 +  and 9 +
terete +  and laterally compressed +
1-9(11)-veined +
always shorter +  and usually shorter +
lanceolate +
subtending +
mucronate +  and acute +
unequal +
uncinate +
solid +  and hollow +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
rounded +, elliptic +  and lanceolate +
0.95 cm9.5 mm <br />0.0095 m <br /> (1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br />) +
herbaceous +  and coriaceous +
pilose +  and glabrous +
lacerate +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
lanceolate +
fleshy +  and membranous +
0.55 cm5.5 mm <br />0.0055 m <br /> (0.75 cm7.5 mm <br />0.0075 m <br />) +
8 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
concealed +  and prominent +
4 +  and 7 +
2 +  and 1 +
hairy +  and glabrous +
well-developed +
reduced +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
1 +  and 60 +
not viviparous +
elliptic +  and lanceolate terete +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Bromus dudleyi +, Bromus ciliatus var. intonsus +, Bromus canadensis +, Bromopsis ciliata +  and Bromopsis canadensis +
Bromus ciliatus +
Bromus sect. Bromopsis +
species +
pilose +  and glabrous +
membranous +
not mucronate +
0.71 cm7.1 mm <br />0.0071 m <br /> (0.85 cm8.5 mm <br />0.0085 m <br />) +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +