View source for Calliergon

{{Treatment/ID
|accepted_name=Calliergon
|accepted_authority=(Sullivant) Kindberg
|publications={{Treatment/Publication
|title=Canad. Rec. Sci.
|place=6: 72. 1894
|year=1894
}}
|basionyms={{Treatment/ID/Basionym
|name=Hypnum sect. Calliergon
|authority=Sullivant
|rank=section
|publication_title=in A. Gray, Manual ed.
|publication_place=2, 672. 1856
}}
|synonyms=
|hierarchy=Calliergonaceae;Calliergon
|hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Calliergonaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Calliergon]]</div></div>
|etymology=Greek kallos, beauty, and ergon, work, alluding to appearance
|volume=Volume 28
|mention_page=page 13, 384, 385, 391, 392, 394, 398, 400, 403, 653, 656
|treatment_page=page 390
}}<!--

--><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties="whole_organism size;whole_organism size;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism coloration;whole_organism growth form"><b>Plants </b>medium-sized to very large, green, pale green, yellowish, brownish, or sometimes pale-pink.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="stem architecture"><b>Stems </b>± densely radially branched;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="hyalodermi presence;central strand presence">hyalodermis absent, central strand present;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="outer pseudoparaphyllium width;apex shape">outer pseudoparaphyllia broad, apex rounded to acuminate or cleft;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="point variability">rhizoids or rhizoid initials at various points on leaves, or on scattered points or in rows on stem;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="axillary hair development;axillary hair quantity;distal cell atypical quantity;distal cell quantity;distal cell coloration">axillary hairs well developed, many, distal cells 2–8 (–10), hyaline.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="stem-leaf shape;stem-leaf shape;stem-leaf course;stem-leaf shape;stem-leaf shape;stem-leaf architecture or arrangement or shape or vernation"><b>Stem-</b>leaves ± broadly ovate to broadly rounded-triangular, abruptly narrowed to apex, straight, concave or strongly so, not plicate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="base shape">base broadly decurrent;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="margin shape;margin shape">margins entire or occasionally slightly sinuate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="apex shape;apex shape">apex rounded or obtuse;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="leaf quantity">costa single, ending just before apex, or branched to 2-fid and ending 1/2–9/10 leaf length;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="costa quantity;costa architecture;costa shape;cell variability;cell shape;cell shape;cell coloration;wall width;region prominence;region shape">alar cells differentiated, rectangular to long-rectangular, strongly inflated, hyaline, walls thin, region distinctly or indistinctly delimited, transversely triangular to broadly ovate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="">medial laminal cell-walls incrassate or thin, porose or not.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="medial laminal cell-wall size;medial laminal cell-wall width;medial laminal cell-wall architecture;medial laminal cell-wall architecture;medial laminal cell-wall reproduction;medial laminal cell-wall reproduction;medial laminal cell-wall reproduction"><b>Sexual </b>condition dioicous or autoicous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="inner perichaetial leaf architecture or arrangement or shape or vernation">inner perichaetial leaves not plicate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="vaginulum architecture">vaginula naked.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="annulus arrangement"><b>Capsule </b>with annulus not separating;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="external surface architecture or coloration or relief;margin architecture or shape">exostome external surface reticulate basally, margins dentate distally.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="spore some measurement"><b>Spores </b>13–31 µm.</span><!--

-->{{Treatment/Body
|distribution=North America;South America;Eurasia;Pacific Islands (New Zealand)
|discussion=<p>Species 5 or 6 (5 in the flora).</p><!--
--><p>Calliergon is recognized by the robust shoots and straight, ovate to broadly cordate leaves with rounded or broadly obtuse apices. Except for expressions of C. giganteum with a pink hue, red pigment is absent. The alar regions are well developed and in some species very large, and consist of inflated and hyaline cells. Rhizoid initials are frequent in the leaves, and the axillary hairs are large and abundant. Except for C. megalophyllum, which mostly grows submerged or in reed or sedge belts along lakeshores, the plants typically occur in somewhat nutrient-rich and relatively mineral-rich wetlands, such as fens and swamps. Weak expressions, especially of C. cordifolium, could be confused with Sarmentypnum sarmentosum or Straminergon stramineum; such variants are discussed under these species. W. C. Steere (1941b) described C. aftonianum from fossil material of isolated branches. This is most likely a Calliergon species, albeit with a short or sometimes absent costa. Weakly developed costae occur also in weak plants of the species treated here. However, since J. A. Janssens and P. H. Glaser (1986) reported extant plants with short costae from North America, further studies are required to decide the relationships of C. aftonianum.</p>
|tables=
|references=
}}<!--

--><div class="treatment-key">
==Key==
<div class="treatment-key-group">
  
{| class="wikitable fna-keytable"
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Alar regions indistinctly delimited
|[[#key-0-2| > 2]]
|-id=key-0-1
|1
|Alar regions sharply delimited
|[[#key-0-3| > 3]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Alar regions from margins to costa or almost so; proximal laminal cells not markedly wider than distal cells; stem leaves ovate-cordate, triangular-ovate, or narrowly elongate- cordate.
|[[Calliergon cordifolium|Calliergon cordifolium]]
|-id=key-0-2
|2
|Alar regions from margins 65-80% distance to costa; proximal laminal cells to 2 times as wide as distal cells; stem leaves broadly ovate or broadly ovate-cordate.
|[[Calliergon orbicularicordatum|Calliergon orbicularicordatum]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Stem leaf costae (88-)95-282 µm wide at base, single, ending shortly before apex; alar regions from margins to costa or nearly so.
|[[Calliergon giganteum|Calliergon giganteum]]
|-id=key-0-3
|3
|Stem leaf costae 53-119 µm wide at base, single, ending shortly before apex, or single, branched or 2-fid, ending 1/2-9/10 leaf length; alar regions from margins 35-80% distance to costa
|[[#key-0-4| > 4]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Sexual condition autoicous; stem leaf costae 1/2-9/10 leaf length, usually branched or distally 2-fid; axillary hair apical cell short- to long-linear.
|[[Calliergon richardsonii|Calliergon richardsonii]]
|-id=key-0-4
|4
|Sexual condition dioicous; stem leaf costae ending shortly before apex, single; axillary hair apical cell elongate-rectangular to short-linear.
|[[Calliergon megalophyllum|Calliergon megalophyllum]]
|}
</div></div><!--

-->{{#Taxon:
name=Calliergon
|authority=(Sullivant) Kindberg
|rank=genus
|parent rank=family
|synonyms=
|basionyms=Hypnum sect. Calliergon
|family=Calliergonaceae
|distribution=North America;South America;Eurasia;Pacific Islands (New Zealand)
|reference=None
|publication title=Canad. Rec. Sci.
|publication year=1894
|special status=
|source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V28/V28_612.xml
|genus=Calliergon
|annulus arrangement=not separating
|apex shape=obtuse;rounded;rounded;acuminate or cleft
|axillary hair development=developed
|axillary hair quantity=many
|base shape=decurrent
|cell coloration=hyaline
|cell shape=inflated;rectangular;long-rectangular
|cell variability=differentiated
|central strand presence=absent
|costa architecture=branched
|costa quantity=single
|costa shape=2-fid
|distal cell atypical quantity=8;10
|distal cell coloration=hyaline
|distal cell quantity=2;8
|external surface architecture or coloration or relief=reticulate
|hyalodermi presence=absent
|inner perichaetial leaf architecture or arrangement or shape or vernation=not plicate
|leaf quantity=1/2;9/10
|margin architecture or shape=dentate
|margin shape=sinuate;entire
|medial laminal cell-wall architecture=not;porose
|medial laminal cell-wall reproduction=autoicous;dioicous;sexual
|medial laminal cell-wall size=incrassate
|medial laminal cell-wall width=thin
|outer pseudoparaphyllium width=broad
|point variability=various
|region prominence=delimited
|region shape=transversely triangular;broadly ovate
|spore some measurement=13um;31um
|stem architecture=branched
|stem-leaf architecture or arrangement or shape or vernation=not plicate
|stem-leaf course=straight
|stem-leaf shape=strongly;concave;narrowed;less broadly ovate;broadly rounded-triangular
|vaginulum architecture=naked
|wall width=thin
|whole_organism coloration=pale-pink;brownish;yellowish;pale green;green
|whole_organism growth form=plant
|whole_organism size=large;medium-sized to very
}}<!--

-->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Calliergonaceae]]