Castilleja patriotica

Fernald

Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 40: 56. 1904.

Common names: Native paintbrush
Illustrated
Synonyms: Castilleja blumeri Standley C. patriotica var. blumeri (Standley) Kearney & Peebles
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 17. Treatment on page 642. Mentioned on page 575, 643.

Herbs, perennial, 1.7–6 dm; from a slender, woody caudex; with a taproot. Stems few-to-many, erect or ascending, much-branched with many short, leafy axillary shoots, hairs recurved to retrorse, short, ± stiff, eglandular, often with some spreading, long ones. Leaves green, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 1–3.5 cm, not fleshy, margins plane, sometimes ± wavy, flat to involute, (0–) 3–7-lobed, apex acute to obtuse; lateral lobes spreading, linear, much shorter and narrower than terminal lobe, apex acute. Inflorescences 3–17 × 2–7.5 cm; bracts green throughout, sometimes distalmost proximally green, distally red or red-orange on apices, lanceolate or broadly lanceolate, (0–) 3–5-lobed; lobes spreading, linear or narrowly lanceolate, short, arising near or below mid length, central lobe apex obtuse to rounded, lateral ones acute. Calyces proximal 1/3 green, distal 2/3 red to pale red-orange, rarely yellow, (17–) 25–35 (–40) mm; abaxial clefts 14–29 mm, 67–75% of calyx length, adaxial 2.5–7.3 mm, 5–15% of calyx length, deeper than laterals, lateral 0–0.3 (–2) mm, 0–5% of calyx length; lobes broadly triangular, entire or shallowly cleft, segments, if present, often differing in length, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded. Corollas slightly curved, (24–) 27–43 mm; tube 9–20 mm; beak longer than calyx, exserted through abaxial cleft, adaxially green to yellowish, 22–39 mm; abaxial lip deep green, inflated, tight, 1–2.5 mm, 5–10% as long as beak; teeth often spreading, green or white, 0.5–1.6 mm. 2n = 24.


Phenology: Flowering Jul–Oct.
Habitat: Dry slopes and flats, open pine forests, ledges, mostly montane.
Elevation: 2000–3000 m.

Distribution

Ariz., N.Mex., Mexico (Chihuahua), Mexico (Durango), Mexico (Sinaloa), Mexico (Sonora)

Discussion

Castilleja patriotica is broadly distributed in the northern Sierra Madre Occidental in Mexico, south to northern Durango and Sinaloa. It is replaced in central and southern Mexico by a related species, C. pectinata M. Martens & Galeotti. Castilleja patriotica reaches the Chiricahua and Huachuca mountains of southeastern Arizona and the adjacent Animas Mountains of southwestern New Mexico. A report from the Atascosa Mountains of southern Arizona needs verification. The numerous, narrow axillary leaves and the narrow leaf lobes combine to give this plant a curious frilly appearance. The narrow, widely divaricate lateral leaf lobes are unique in the flora area. Short, compact plants with smaller flowers were named C. blumeri. Castilleja patriotica has medicinal value to native peoples of the northern Sierra Madre.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"much shorter and narrower" is not a number.

... more about "Castilleja patriotica"
1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br /> (2.9 cm29 mm <br />0.029 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br />) +
rounded +, obtuse +  and acute +
J. Mark Egger +, Peter F. Zika +, Barbara L. Wilson +, Richard E. Brainerd +  and Nick Otting +
Fernald +
2.2 cm22 mm <br />0.022 m <br /> (3.9 cm39 mm <br />0.039 m <br />) +
not +, leathery +  and fleshy +
red-orange;red;green;green +
distalmost +
(0-)3-5-lobed +  and lanceolate +
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
yellow +, red +  and pale red-orange +
2/3 +  and 1/3 +
2-lobed +, lobed +  and tubular +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
taprooted;fibrous-rooted or rhizomatous +
fleshy +  and woody +
Native paintbrush +
2.4 cm24 mm <br />0.024 m <br /> (2.7 cm27 mm <br />0.027 m <br />) +
purple +, pink +, red +, orange +, yellow +, white +, green +  and pale greenish +
divided +  and tubular +
2.7 cm27 mm <br />0.027 m <br /> (4.3 cm43 mm <br />0.043 m <br />) +
Ariz. +, N.Mex. +, Mexico (Chihuahua) +, Mexico (Durango) +, Mexico (Sinaloa) +  and Mexico (Sonora) +
2000–3000 m. +
spreading-hairy +  and glabrous +
2 +  and 1 +
indehiscent +, septicidal +, loculicidal +  and dehiscence +
Dry slopes and flats, open pine forests, ledges, mostly montane. +
recurved +  and retrorse +
stipitate-glandular +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (17 cm170 mm <br />0.17 m <br />) +
axillary +  and terminal +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (7.5 cm75 mm <br />0.075 m <br />) +
spiral +, whorled +, alternate +  and opposite +
deciduous +
basal +  and cauline +
linear-lanceolate;lanceolate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
not fleshy +
Acute (?) +, Obtuse (?) +  and Rounded (?) +
cleft +  and entire +
3 (?) +, 2 (?) +  and 4 (?) +
triangular +, lanceolate +  and linear +
subequal +
(0-)3-7-lobed +, flat +  and involute +
tenuinucellate +  and unitegmic +
campylotropous-like +
Flowering Jul–Oct. +
Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts +
stramineous +
20 +  and 100 +
trapezoidal +, oblong-ovoid +, pyramidal +  and ovoid +
Illustrated +
non-secund +  and secund +
elongate +
subequal +
much-branched +
sprawling +  and prostrate +
aerial +  and subterranean +
ascending +  and erect +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
not fleshy +
2-lobed +  and entire +
Castilleja blumeri +  and C. patriotica var. blumeri +
Castilleja patriotica +
Castilleja +
species +
white +  and green +
shallow;deep +
reduced +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br />) +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +