Ceratodon purpureus

(Hedwig) Bridel

Bryol. Univ. 1:480. 1826,.

Basionym: Dicranum purpureum Hedwig Sp. Musc. Frond., 136, plate 36. 1801
Synonyms: Ceratodon purpurascens (Hedwig) Jennings Ceratodon purpureus var. purpurascens (Hedwig) Bridel Ceratodon purpureus var. xanthopus Sullivant
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 446. Mentioned on page 15, 377, 445, 557.

Plants in open to dense tufts, turfs, or mats, green, dark green, brownish green, light green or yellow-green, usually darker proximally, often tinged reddish-brown or purple. Stems (0.2–) 1–3 (–4) cm. Leaves crowded, erect-patent to contorted or somewhat crisped, rarely straight when dry, lanceolate, ovatelanceolate, or triangular-lanceolate, 0.35–2.8 mm, margins recurved to near apex or rarely plane, irregularly serrate to uneven or smooth distally, apices acute to short-acuminate or, rarely, obtuse; costa strong, subpercurrent to excurrent, sometimes as a long, smooth awn, medial laminal cells (6.5–) 8–12 (–14) µm, cell-walls even, usually of medium thickness, often somewhat thicker and rounded at the cell angles. Seta 1–3 (–4) cm, various shades of red, orange, or yellow. Capsule oblong to long-cylindric, (1–) 2–2.5 (–3) mm, smooth to strongly sulcate when dry; free to united at their nodes, finely papillose to spinulose-papillose, dark red and bordered to completely pale and absent borders. Spores (10–) 11–14 (–17) µm.

Selected References

None.

Key

1 Plants usually of various shades of green to red-brown; seta red to dark brown; capsule inclined to horizontal, oblong to cylindric, strumose, deeply sulcate when dry, usually red to red-brown to purplish, occasionally light brown Ceratodon purpureus subsp. purpureus
1 Plants pale green to yellow-green to yellowish brown; seta pale yellow to yellow-orange, rarely reddish; capsule slightly inclined to erect, narrowly cylindric to cylindric, not or weakly strumose, smooth to sulcate when dry, usually pale brown to yellow (golden) -orange > 2
2 Stems usually less than 0.5 cm; distal leaves relatively compact, straight to slightly twisted when dry, usually forming a comal tuft, slightly spreading when wet, 0.6-1.2 mm, margins often entire; costa long-excurrent as a smooth awn on many leaves, awns sometimes as long as leaf blade Ceratodon purpureus subsp. conicus
2 Stems usually greater than 1 cm; distal leaves more open, usually crisped when dry, not forming a comal tuft, spreading when wet, 1.2-1.8 mm, margins often toothed; costa percurrent to slightly excurrent Ceratodon purpureus subsp. stenocarpus
... more about "Ceratodon purpureus"
forming a marginal border +  and not differentiated +
,;acute;short-acuminate +
Terry T. McIntosh +
(Hedwig) Bridel +
finely papillose;spinulose-papillose +
Dicranum purpureum +
cucullate +
smooth +  and strongly sulcate +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
dark red;reddish or purplish brown +
cleistocarpous +
free;united +
erect;inclined or horizontal +
oblong +  and long-cylindric +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
deciduous +
subpercurrent +
shortrectangular +  and isodiametric +
Nearly worldwide +
straight +
erect-patent +
triangular-lanceolate +, ovatelanceolate +, lanceolate +  and crisped +
quadrate +
0.035 cm0.35 mm <br />3.5e-4 m <br /> (0.28 cm2.8 mm <br />0.0028 m <br />) +
smooth +  and serrate +
obtuse;recurved;rarely plane +
dioicous +  and sexual +
rounded +  and angled +
shortrectangular +
conic +  and long-conic +
abruptly subulate +  and gradually acuminate +
with a longer , broader sheathing base +  and differentiated +
long-acuminate +, short-acuminate +, concave +  and ovate +
on short branches +  and axillary +
well-developed +
filamentous +
Bryol. Univ. +
papillose +
free;united +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
yellow;orange;yellow;orange;red +
elongate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
globose +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
Ceratodon purpurascens +, Ceratodon purpureus var. purpurascens +  and Ceratodon purpureus var. xanthopus +
Ceratodon purpureus +
Ceratodon +
species +
specialized +
synoicous +, paroicous +, autoicous +, dioicous +  and sexual +
purple +, tinged reddish-brown +, darker +, yellow-green +, light green +, brownish green +  and dark green +
female +  and male +
small +  and medium-sized +