Crataegus fluviatilis

Sargent

Rhodora 5: 117. 1903.

Endemic
Synonyms: Crataegus apiomorpha Sargent
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 564. Mentioned on page 562, 563, 565, 566, 567.

Shrubs or trees, multistemmed, 30–40 (–70) dm. Stems: twigs: new growth golden green to strongly reddish tinged, sparsely pubescent or glabrous, 1-year old usually shiny, dark-brown, older gray; thorns on twigs 1-year old shiny, deep brown to blackish, often black-tipped, stout to slender, 2.5–5 cm. Leaves: petiole length 30–60% blade, sparsely to densely glandular; blade ovate, 3–6 cm, base subcordate, truncate, or rounded to cuneate, lobes 3–6 per side, sinuses shallow to moderately deep, lobe apex acute to acuminate, margins serrate, teeth numerous, small, larger ones conspicuously glandular, particularly at base, smaller ones inconspicuously gland-tipped, veins 4–6 per side, apex acute, adaxial surface densely appressed-scabrous-pubescent young, glabrescent. Inflorescences 5–12-flowered; branches pubescent; bracteoles usually absent (even young), sometimes few to several, often red-tinged, ± linear. Flowers 12–17 mm diam.; hypanthium glabrous; sepals 4–5 mm, margins subentire to weakly serrate, usually eglandular, abaxially glabrous or pubescent; stamens 5–10, anthers pink to reddish purple; styles 3–5. Pomes bright to deep red, suborbicular to ellipsoid, 8–15 mm diam.; sepals erose or erect-patent; pyrenes 3–5, dorsally shallowly grooved.


Phenology: Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Sep–Oct.
Habitat: Old fields, fencerows, brush, woodland margins, open woods
Elevation: 0–500 m

Distribution

V9 956-distribution-map.jpg

Ont., Que., Conn., Ill., Maine, Mass., Mich., Minn., N.H., N.Y., R.I., Vt., Wis.

Discussion

Crataegus fluviatilis includes a range of intermediates between C. flabellata and C. macrosperma. There are three main forms. In the typical form, sporadic in Quebec and New England, the glandular-serration of the sepal margins is less pronounced and the inflorescence branches at anthesis are less densely hairy than in C. flabellata, but the leaves are more similar to those of C. macrosperma. They could represent rare hybrid derivatives of these two species. In the central Great Lakes region (Illinois to Ontario), more frequent forms occur attributable to C. apiomorpha, similar to sympatric C. macrosperma, differing mainly in their soft-hairy inflorescences. More complex variation occurs in Minnesota, where forms with densely pubescent inflorescences occur in local populations, often intermixed with otherwise identical C. macrosperma (glabrous inflorescences). Both the latter are notable for their serrate sepal margins, not the norm for C. macrosperma. Into the mix are identical forms with 20 stamens, which perhaps are C. asperata Sargent. This Minnesota complex is notable for smallish leaves (4–6 cm), is constant for characters other than those mentioned above, and suggests active introgression.

Confusion between the Minnesota form of Crataegus fluviatilis and sympatric C. chrysocarpa might be possible; a helpful field character at anthesis is the pink anthers of the former; at other times, it is the flexible petioles that allow the leaves of C. fluviatilis to flutter in the wind, unlike those of C. chrysocarpa, which have stiffer petioles.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"thin" is not a number."glandular" is not a number."adnate" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Crataegus fluviatilis"
appressed-scabrous-pubescent +
glabrescent +  and appressed-scabrous-pubescent +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
pink +  and reddish purple +
James B. Phipps +
Sargent +
orangebrown +
thin-exfoliating +  and corrugated +
compound +  and simple +
opposite +  and alternate +
rounded +  and cuneate +
smaller +
Tenuifoliae +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
coriaceous +
few +  and several +
adnate +  and distinct +
crowded +, scattered +  and alternate +
Ont. +, Que. +, Conn. +, Ill. +, Maine +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, N.H. +, N.Y. +, R.I. +, Vt. +  and Wis. +
not +  and aggregated +
0–500 m +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (1.7 cm17 mm <br />0.017 m <br />) +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
not +  and aggregated +
not +  and aggregated +
yellow +  and red or purplish +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
gray +, dark-brown +, golden green +  and strongly reddish tinged +
older +, old +  and new +
glabrous +  and pubescent +
Old fields, fencerows, brush, woodland margins, open woods +
constricted +
crassinucellate +
deciduous +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
subentire to weakly +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
inferior +  and superior +
biseriate +  and clustered +
collateral +  and basal +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
elliptic +  and circular +
0 (?) +  and 4 (?) +
pale paper brown +
free +  and distinct +
post-mature +
eglandular +  and sessile-glandular +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
Flowering May–Jun +  and fruiting Sep–Oct. +
adnate +, free +, connate +  and distinct +
dark gray-brown +  and russet +
exfoliating +  and corrugated +
pruinose +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
suborbicular +  and ellipsoid +
not arillate +
persistent +
free +  and distinct +
erect-patent +
triangular +
nonaccrescent +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
1-50-flowered +  and few-leaved +
shallow +  and moderately deep +
free +  and distinct +
branched +  and simple +
persistent +
distinct +
exsert +  and lateral +
elongate +
glabrous +  and tomentose +
Crataegus apiomorpha +
Crataegus fluviatilis +
Crataegus (sect. Coccineae) ser. Tenuifoliae +
species +
black-tipped +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
brown +  and blackish +
straight +
stout +  and slender +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
gland-tipped +
larger +  and small +
inconspicuous +
less erect +  and oblique +
1 +  and several +
straight +
determinate +
glabrescent +  and pilose +
4 (?) +  and 6 (?) +
tree +  and shrub +