Cyperus distans

Linnaeus f.

Suppl. Pl., 103. 1782.

Illustrated
Basionym: Cyperus elatus Rottbøll Descr. Icon. Rar. Pl., 37, plate 10. 1773,
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Mentioned on page 239.
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Herbs, perennial, rhizomatous. Culms single or close together, trigonous, (10–) 40–80 (–120) cm × 1.2–2.5 (–5) mm, glabrous. Leaves 2–5, pleated, (10–) 20–50 (–90) cm × 2–5 (–10) mm. Inflorescences: spikes 1–4 (–7), loose, broadly ovoid to ovoid-pyramidal, 25–35 × 25–35 mm; rays (4–) 5–6 (–8), (1–) 3–8 (–16) cm, glabrous; 2d order rays (0–) 1–5, 5–15 (–50) mm; bracts 4–7, ascending at 30–45°, pleated, (5–) 20–40 (–60) × (2–) 3–8 (–11) mm; 2d order bracts 1–4 per ray, 5–10 (–30) × 0.5–1 mm, scabridulous; rachilla persistent, wingless (or very narrowly winged, not clasping achene). Spikelets (10–) 20–35 (–45), seemingly flattened proximally from spreading floral scales, becoming terete apically, linear, (10–) 13–18 (–25) × 1.2–1.5 (–1.6) mm; floral scales deciduous, (10–) 12–20 (–25), laterally light reddish-brown to dark red, medially greenish, laterally ribless, medially 3–5-ribbed, oblongovate, 1.7–2 (–2.4) × 0.9–1.2 mm, apex obtuse, barely reaching next scale, apex entire, emarginate, mucro at most 0.3 mm. Flowers: anthers 0.4–0.5 mm; styles 0.3–0.6 mm; stigmas 1–1.8 (–2) mm. Achenes dark-brown, narrowly oblong, (1.3–) 1.4–1.6 (–1.7) × (0.3–) 0.4–0.5 mm, base cuneate to ± stipelike, apex acute, not apiculate, surfaces papillose.


Phenology: Fruiting summer.
Habitat: Marshes
Elevation: 0 m

Distribution

V23 270-distribution-map.jpg

Fla., N.C., Mexico, West Indies (Dominican Republic south through the Lesser Antilles), South America, Asia, Africa

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number.

... more about "Cyperus distans"
0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br /> (0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br />) +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br />) +
0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br /> (0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br />) +
0.4mm;0.5mm +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
not apiculate +, emarginate +  and entire +
acute;obtuse +
Gordon C. Tucker* +, Brian G. Marcks* +  and J. Richard Carter * +
Linnaeus f. +
persistent +  and deciduous +
cuneate +  and more or less stipelike +
Cyperus elatus +
w--shaped +  and keeled +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
scabridulous +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br /> (120 cm1,200 mm <br />1.2 m <br />) +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br /> (80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br />) +
scabridulous +
trigonous +
1.2mm;2.5mm +
Fla. +, N.C. +, Mexico +, West Indies (Dominican Republic south through the Lesser Antilles) +, South America +, Asia +  and Africa +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.24 cm2.4 mm <br />0.0024 m <br />) +
greenish +, laterally light reddish-brown +  and dark red +
0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Marshes +
subumbellate +  and capitate +
spreading +  and erect +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br /> (90 cm900 mm <br />0.9 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> (?) +  and 50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br /> (?) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br />) +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
Fruiting summer. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
antrorse +  and extrorse +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
Suppl. Pl., +
conspicuous +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
unequal +
1 +  and 5 +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
adventitious +
basal +  and proximal +
cylindric;compressed +
cylindric +
Illustrated +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
broadly ovoid;ovoid-pyramidal +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br />) +
1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
20 +  and 35 +
terete;flattened +
1.2mm;1.5mm +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
papillate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
2-3-fid +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
papillose +
Undefined subg. Chlorocyperus +, Cyperus subg. Mariscus +  and Undefined subg. Papyrus +
Cyperus distans +
Cyperus subg. Cyperus +
species +