Cyperus distans

Linnaeus f.

Suppl. Pl., 103. 1782.

Illustrated
Basionym: Cyperus elatus Rottbøll Descr. Icon. Rar. Pl., 37, plate 10. 1773,
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Mentioned on page 239.

Herbs, perennial, rhizomatous. Culms single or close together, trigonous, (10–) 40–80 (–120) cm × 1.2–2.5 (–5) mm, glabrous. Leaves 2–5, pleated, (10–) 20–50 (–90) cm × 2–5 (–10) mm. Inflorescences: spikes 1–4 (–7), loose, broadly ovoid to ovoid-pyramidal, 25–35 × 25–35 mm; rays (4–) 5–6 (–8), (1–) 3–8 (–16) cm, glabrous; 2d order rays (0–) 1–5, 5–15 (–50) mm; bracts 4–7, ascending at 30–45°, pleated, (5–) 20–40 (–60) × (2–) 3–8 (–11) mm; 2d order bracts 1–4 per ray, 5–10 (–30) × 0.5–1 mm, scabridulous; rachilla persistent, wingless (or very narrowly winged, not clasping achene). Spikelets (10–) 20–35 (–45), seemingly flattened proximally from spreading floral scales, becoming terete apically, linear, (10–) 13–18 (–25) × 1.2–1.5 (–1.6) mm; floral scales deciduous, (10–) 12–20 (–25), laterally light reddish-brown to dark red, medially greenish, laterally ribless, medially 3–5-ribbed, oblongovate, 1.7–2 (–2.4) × 0.9–1.2 mm, apex obtuse, barely reaching next scale, apex entire, emarginate, mucro at most 0.3 mm. Flowers: anthers 0.4–0.5 mm; styles 0.3–0.6 mm; stigmas 1–1.8 (–2) mm. Achenes dark-brown, narrowly oblong, (1.3–) 1.4–1.6 (–1.7) × (0.3–) 0.4–0.5 mm, base cuneate to ± stipelike, apex acute, not apiculate, surfaces papillose.


Phenology: Fruiting summer.
Habitat: Marshes
Elevation: 0 m

Distribution

V23 270-distribution-map.jpg

Fla., N.C., Mexico, West Indies (Dominican Republic south through the Lesser Antilles), South America, Asia, Africa

Discussion

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number.

... more about "Cyperus distans"
0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br /> (0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br />) +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br />) +
0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br /> (0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br />) +
0.4mm;0.5mm +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
not apiculate +, emarginate +  and entire +
acute;obtuse +
Gordon C. Tucker* +, Brian G. Marcks* +  and J. Richard Carter * +
Linnaeus f. +
persistent +  and deciduous +
cuneate +  and more or less stipelike +
Cyperus elatus +
w--shaped +  and keeled +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
scabridulous +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br /> (120 cm1,200 mm <br />1.2 m <br />) +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br /> (80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br />) +
scabridulous +
trigonous +
1.2mm;2.5mm +
Fla. +, N.C. +, Mexico +, West Indies (Dominican Republic south through the Lesser Antilles) +, South America +, Asia +  and Africa +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.24 cm2.4 mm <br />0.0024 m <br />) +
greenish +, laterally light reddish-brown +  and dark red +
0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Marshes +
subumbellate +  and capitate +
spreading +  and erect +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br /> (90 cm900 mm <br />0.9 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> (?) +  and 50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br /> (?) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br />) +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
Fruiting summer. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
antrorse +  and extrorse +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
Suppl. Pl., +
conspicuous +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
unequal +
1 +  and 5 +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
adventitious +
basal +  and proximal +
cylindric;compressed +
cylindric +
Illustrated +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
broadly ovoid;ovoid-pyramidal +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br />) +
1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.16 cm1.6 mm <br />0.0016 m <br />) +
1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
20 +  and 35 +
terete;flattened +
1.2mm;1.5mm +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
papillate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.18 cm1.8 mm <br />0.0018 m <br />) +
2-3-fid +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
papillose +
Undefined subg. Chlorocyperus +, Cyperus subg. Mariscus +  and Undefined subg. Papyrus +
Cyperus distans +
Cyperus subg. Cyperus +
species +