Daltonia splachnoides

(Smith) Hooker & Taylor

Muscol. Brit., 80. 1818.

Illustrated
Basionym: Neckera splachnoides Smith Engl. Bot. 36: plate 2564. 1813
Synonyms: Daltonia gracilis Mitten
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 252.

Stems 1 (–1.5) cm; cortical cells attached at leaf insertion. Leaves scarcely contorted when dry, linear-lanceolate, carinate as narrow median fold, 1–2.3 × 0.4 mm; margins plane or variably revolute on same stem (throughout one side, partially distally or proximally), border distinct to insertion, cells well defined in 6–8 rows at base, 3 or 4 rows mid leaf, ca. 2 rows in acumen; apex acute (not cuspidate or attenuate); basal laminal cells linear-oblong, 50 µm, pellucid, hyaline, cells across insertion usually vivid, dark red; distal cells ovate, rhomboidal, or narrowly rhomboid-hexagonal, 12 (–24) × (6–) 7 µm, walls incrassate; juxtacostal cells undifferentiated. Specialized asexual reproduction infrequent, by laminal gemmae, orange, fusiform, multicellular. Seta red to redbrown, 0.6–0.7 cm, papillose-scabrous distally. Capsule redbrown to dark-brown, obovoid, neck short, papillose; operculum rostrate. Calyptra slightly roughened distally. Spores (10–) 14–16 µm.


Phenology: Capsules mature summer.
Habitat: Base of trees, fallen branches, trunks of shrubs and trees, forests, foggy, hyperoceanic areas
Elevation: low to moderate elevations (0-300 m)

Distribution

V28 402-distribution-map.gif

B.C., Calif., Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America, w Europe (Ireland), Asia (China), Atlantic Islands, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia

Discussion

In the flora area, Daltonia splachnoides is known only from San Francisco County, California, in Cupressus and Eucalyptus forests, in partial shade on fallen branches of Cupressus or trunks of Myoporum laetum or bases of Eucalyptus, and from the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, first collected by W. B. Schofield on Moresby Island (W. H. Welch 1972). Commonly, D. splachnoides is distinguished by plane leaf margins, but margins are variously partially or completely revolute on one or both sides. The distinction of D. splachnoides from D. gracilis has long been in dispute. P. Majestyk (2011) examined the types of D. gracilis at NY and BM and synonymized the two species, which significantly expanded the distribution of D. splachnoides worldwide. J. Yu et al. (2010) also treated the two species as synonymous. Given that D. splachnoides exemplars group well worldwide, molecular analysis supports the synonymy of the two species, as does the morphological similarity observed.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Daltonia splachnoides"
Patricia M. Eckel +
(Smith) Hooker & Taylor +
synoicous +, autoicous +  and sexual +
hyaline +  and pellucid +
naked +  and 1-stratose +
4 +  and 3 +
Neckera splachnoides +
smooth to somewhat +
redbrown;dark-brown +
specialized +
undifferentiated +  and defined +
incrassate +
not differentiated +
reduced +
red pigmented +
rhomboid-hexagonal +, rhomboidal +  and ovate +
B.C. +, Calif. +, Mexico +, West Indies +, Central America +, South America +, w Europe (Ireland) +, Asia (China) +, Atlantic Islands +, Pacific Islands (New Zealand) +  and Australia +
low to moderate elevations (0-300 m) +
Base of trees, fallen branches, trunks of shrubs and trees, forests, foggy, hyperoceanic areas +
multicellular +
ligulate +  and flexuose-twisted +
straight +  and flexuose +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.23 cm2.3 mm <br />0.0023 m <br />) +
carinate +  and linear-lanceolate +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (?) +
revolute +  and plane +
papillose +
Capsules mature summer. +
Muscol. Brit., +
6 +  and 8 +
papillose +
red;redbrown +
papillose-scabrous +
roughened +  and smooth +
elongate +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Illustrated +
branched +  and terete-foliate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
suberect +  and prostrate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
Daltonia gracilis +
Daltonia splachnoides +
Daltonia +
species +
brownish +, yellow-green +  and dark green +
specialized +
infrequent;common +
synoicous +, autoicous +, sexual +  and asexual +
incrassate +
thinner +  and thicker +
small;medium-sized +