Eleocharis bolanderi

A. Gray

Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 392. 1868.

IllustratedEndemic
Synonyms: Eleocharis montevidensis var. bolanderi (A. Gray) V. E. Grant
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Mentioned on page 82.
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Plants perennial, densely tufted; rhizomes caudexlike, mostly hidden by culms and roots, short, 1.5–3 mm thick, hard, cortex persistent, internodes very short, scales not evident. Culms subterete, often with to 6 prominent ridges when dry, sulcate, 10–30 cm × 0.3–0.5 mm, firm to rigid, spongy. Leaves: distal leaf-sheaths persistent, not splitting, proximally brown, red, or stramineous, distally stramineous, green or reddish, papery, apex sometimes reddish, obtuse, rarely callose, tooth absent. Spikelets ovoid, 3–8 × 2–3 mm, apex acute to obtuse; proximal scale amplexicaulous, entire; subproximal scale with flower; floral scales spreading in fruit, 8–30, 4–5 per mm of rachilla, dark-brown to blackish, midrib regions often stramineous or greenish, ovate to lanceolate, 2–3 × 1.5 mm, apex entire, acute, often carinate in distal part of spikelet. Flowers: perianth bristles 3–6, whitish to stramineous, stout to slender, often unequal, from rudimentary to 1/2 of achene length; stamens 3; anthers dark yellow to brown, 0.9–1.4 mm; styles 3-fid. Achenes falling with scales, stramineous, rarely dark-brown, ovoid to obpyriform, slightly to greatly compressedtrigonous, rarely thickly lenticular, angles prominent or abaxial angle obscure, 0.9–1.2 × 0.65–0.8 mm, apex narrowly to broadly truncate, neck short, often compressed more than body, at 20–30X finely rugulose with more than 20 horizontal ridges in a vertical series or reticulate or cancellate. Tubercles whitish to brown, pyramidal, lower than wide, often 3-lobed as viewed from the top, 0.1–0.3 × 0.4–0.65 mm.


Phenology: Fruiting late spring–summer.
Habitat: Fresh, often summer-dry meadows, springs, seeps, stream margins
Elevation: 1000–3400 m

Distribution

V23 111-distribution-map.jpg

Calif., Colo., Idaho, Nev., Oreg., Utah.

Discussion

Eleocharis bolanderi is clearly distinct from E. montevidensis, from which it differs in its dense, tufted habit with short, caudexlike rhizomes, its leaf sheaths without a tooth, its achene and tubercle shapes, and its acute floral scales.

Specimens of Eleocharis bolanderi without rhizomes or achenes are easily confused with E. decumbens, which often may be distinguished by culms 0.5–2 mm wide, and spikelets with scales sometimes more than 3 mm long. The tubercles of E. bolanderi are usually poorly developed and much lower than wide; in E. decumbens they are usually well developed and about as high as wide.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number.

... more about "Eleocharis bolanderi"
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
0.065 cm0.65 mm <br />6.5e-4 m <br /> (0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br />) +
dark-brown +  and stramineous +
cancellate or reticulate +  and rugulose +
lenticular;ovoid;obpyriform +
color +  and texture +
dark yellow;brown +
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br />) +
truncate +  and entire +
carinate;acute;acute;obtuse +
S. Galen Smith* +, Jeremy J. Bruhl* +, M. Socorro González-Elizondo* +  and Francis J. Menapace* +
A. Gray +
flattened +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
persistent +
enlarged +
rugulose +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
ascending +  and appressed +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
persistent +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br />) +
subterete +
0.3mm;5mm +
reddish +, green +, stramineous +, red +  and brown +
Calif. +, Colo. +, Idaho +, Nev. +, Oreg. +  and Utah. +
1000–3400 m +
dark-brown +  and blackish +
membranous +  and thinly papery +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Fresh, often summer-dry meadows, springs, seeps, stream margins +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
ovate +  and lanceolate +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (?) +
flattened +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
cancellate +  and reticulate +
compressed +
unequal +, stout +  and slender +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
Fruiting late spring–summer. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
stramineous;medium brown or red brown or blackish brown +
Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts +
ascending +  and horizontal +
caudex-like +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
10cm;30cm +
spongy;firm;rigid +
0.3mm;0.5mm +
adventitious +
basal +  and proximal +
not evident +
2-keeled +
cylindric +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
papillate +
Eleocharis montevidensis var. bolanderi +
Eleocharis bolanderi +
Eleocharis (sect. Eleocharis) ser. Eleocharis +
species +
whitish;brown +
0.1mm;0.3mm +
lower than wide +
3-lobed +  and pyramidal +
0.4mm +  and 0.65mm +