Eleocharis obtusa

(Willdenow) Schultes

Mant. 2: 89. 1824.

Common names: Blunt spike-rush éléocharide obtuse
Illustrated
Basionym: Scirpus obtusus Willdenow Enum. Pl. 1: 76. 1809
Synonyms: Eleocharis obtusa var. ellipsoidales Fernald Eleocharis obtusa var. gigantea Fernald Eleocharis obtusa var. jejuna Fernald Eleocharis obtusa var. peasei Svenson
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 105. Mentioned on page 5, 64, 65, 97, 103, 104.

Culms 3–50 (–90) cm × 0.2–2 mm. Leaves: apex of distal leaf-sheath obtuse to acute, tooth to 0.3 mm. Spikelets broadly ovoid (to ellipsoid or lanceoloid), apex rounded (to acute), (2–) 5–13 × (2–) 3–4 mm; floral scales 15–150+, 8–20 per mm of rachilla, orangebrown (to stramineous), elliptic, 1.5–2.5 × 1–1.5 mm, midribs seldom keeled, apex broadly rounded. Flowers: perianth bristles (5–) 6–7, rarely 0, brown, stout, slightly to usually greatly exceeding tubercle; stamens usually 3; anthers brown to yellow, 0.3–0.6 mm; styles usually 3-fid and 2-fid in same spikelet. Achenes 0.9–1.2 (–1.3) × 0.7–0.9 mm. Tubercles deltoid 0.35–0.5 × (0.4–) 0.5–0.8 mm, 1/3–2/3 as high as wide, 1/3–1/2 as high and 2/3–9/10 as wide as achene. 2n = 10.


Phenology: Fruiting summer–fall.
Habitat: Fresh shores, marshes, disturbed places
Elevation: 10–1600 m

Distribution

V23 159-distribution-map.jpg

B.C., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Ala., Ark., Calif., Colo., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Maine, Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Mo., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Vt., Va., Wash., W.Va., Wis., Wyo., Pacific Islands (Hawaii)

Discussion

Extremely uncommon plants of Eleocharis obtusa without perianth bristles may be called E. obtusa var. peasei (type from New Hampshire). Robust plants with distinct caudices, floral scales 2.5 mm, and achenes 1.2–1.3 mm (Eleocharis obtusa var. gigantea Fernald) are rare (specimens seen from the Washington-British Columbia border [type], Arkansas, and the Hawaiian Islands). Dwarf plants (E. obtusa var. jejuna Fernald, type from Maine), with unusually small achenes and floral scales, and tubercles often less than 0.5 mm wide, are occasional in the East and are easily confused with E. ovata and E. aestuum. A few specimens are intermediate with E. engelmannii. Eleocharis obtusa is sometimes treated as conspecific with E. ovata, which consistently differs in its mostly 2-fid styles, mostly two stamens, and especially its narrower tubercles (B. M. H. Larson and P. M. Catling 1996).

Eleocharis macounii Fernald has been treated as a synonym of E. obutsa (H. K. Svenson 1957) but is more probably a hybrid between E. intermedia and E. obtusa (P. M. Catling and S. G. Hay 1993; see 34. E. intermedia).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number.

... more about "Eleocharis obtusa"
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br />) +
dark-brown +  and stramineous +
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
biconvex +
wide;0.7mm;0.9mm +
brown;yellow +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
5mm;13mm +
rounded;rounded;obtuse;acute +
not constricted +
3mm;4mm +
S. Galen Smith* +, Jeremy J. Bruhl* +, M. Socorro González-Elizondo* +  and Francis J. Menapace* +
(Willdenow) Schultes +
flattened +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
persistent +
enlarged +
Scirpus obtusus +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
ascending +  and appressed +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
Blunt spike-rush +  and éléocharide obtuse +
50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br /> (90 cm900 mm <br />0.9 m <br />) +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br />) +
0.2mm;2mm +
green +  and stramineous +
B.C. +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Idaho +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Nebr. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Oreg. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Vt. +, Va. +, Wash. +, W.Va. +, Wis. +, Wyo. +  and Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +
10–1600 m +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Fresh shores, marshes, disturbed places +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
flattened +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
Fruiting summer–fall. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
stramineous;medium brown or red brown or blackish brown +
ascending +  and horizontal +
caudex-like +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
adventitious +
basal +  and proximal +
2-keeled +
cylindric +
W2 +, W1 +  and Illustrated +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (1.3 cm13 mm <br />0.013 m <br />) +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
papillate +
2-fid +  and 3-fid +
Eleocharis obtusa var. ellipsoidales +, Eleocharis obtusa var. gigantea +, Eleocharis obtusa var. jejuna +  and Eleocharis obtusa var. peasei +
Eleocharis obtusa +
Eleocharis (sect. Eleogenus) ser. Ovatae +
species +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br />) +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
0.35mm;0.5mm +
1/3 (?) +  and 2/3 (?) +
0.5mm +  and 0.8mm +