View source for Eustachys ← Eustachys You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reason: The action you have requested is limited to users in the group: Users. You can view and copy the source of this page. {{Treatment/ID |accepted_name=Eustachys |accepted_authority=Desv. |publications= |basionyms= |synonyms= |hierarchy=Poaceae;Poaceae subfam. Chloridoideae;Poaceae tribe Cynodonteae;Eustachys |hierarchy_nav=<div class="higher-taxa"><div class="higher-taxon"><small>family</small>[[Poaceae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>subfamily</small>[[Poaceae subfam. Chloridoideae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>tribe</small>[[Poaceae tribe Cynodonteae]]</div><div class="higher-taxon"><small>genus</small>[[Eustachys]]</div></div> |volume=Volume 25 |mention_page= |treatment_page=page 218 }}<!-- --><span class="statement" id="st-d0_s0" data-properties=""><b>Plants </b>perennial;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s1" data-properties="whole_organism duration;whole_organism growth form;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism architecture;whole_organism growth form">cespitose, shortly rhizomatous and often stoloniferous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s2" data-properties="culm some measurement;culm orientation;culm orientation;culm shape;culm pubescence"><b>Culms </b>20-150 cm, erect or decumbent, flattened, glabrous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s3" data-properties="internode architecture">internodes hollow.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s4" data-properties="leaf position;leaf position"><b>Leaves </b>basal and cauline;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s5" data-properties="sheath architecture;sheath shape;sheath shape;sheath arrangement;sheath arrangement">sheaths open, keeled, strongly compressed, distinctly distichous, equitant;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s6" data-properties="ligule some measurement;ligule texture;ligule height or length or size;ligule architecture or pubescence or shape">ligules to 0.5 mm, scarious, densely short ciliate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s7" data-properties="blade shape;blade shape;blade orientation;surface pubescence;surface relief;surface relief">blades flat or folded, erect to spreading, both surfaces usually glabrous, sometimes scabrous or scabridulous.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s8" data-properties="inflorescence position or structure subtype;branch quantity;branch architecture;branch shape"><b>Inflorescences </b>terminal, exceeding the upper leaves, panicles of 1-36 non-disarticulating spikelike branches;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s9" data-properties="branch arrangement;axis shape;row quantity">branches digitately arranged, axes triquetrous, with spikelets in 2 rows on the abaxial sides of the branches.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s10" data-properties="spikelet architecture or arrangement or growth form;spikelet orientation;spikelet shape;spikelet architecture;spikelet architecture;floret quantity"><b>Spikelets </b>solitary, diverging strongly from the branch axes, laterally compressed, sessile or subsessile, with 2-3 florets;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s11" data-properties="">lowest florets bisexual;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s12" data-properties="lowest floret reproduction;lemma architecture;lemma architecture;floret presence">second florets usually reduced to a stipitate empty lemma, occasionally with a palea, staminate if a third floret present;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s13" data-properties="floret size;floret architecture">third florets, if present, sterile and usually rudimentary, stipitate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s14" data-properties="floret presence;floret reproduction;floret prominence;floret architecture">disarticulation above the glumes.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s15" data-properties="glume size;glume architecture"><b>Glumes </b>unequal, 1-veined;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s16" data-properties="lower glume size;lower glume size or width;lower glume shape">lower glumes somewhat smaller than the upper glumes, narrow, acuminate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s17" data-properties="upper glume shape;upper glume texture;upper glume pubescence;upper glume coloration;upper glume coloration;upper glume coloration;upper glume coloration;upper glume coloration;vein pubescence or relief;apex architecture or shape;apex architecture or shape;apex architecture or shape;apex shape">upper glumes almost as long as the spikelets, flattened, scarious, glabrous, green, pale, or purplish, veins antrorsely scabrous, apices truncate, bilobed, or bifid, often mucronate;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s18" data-properties="lowest lemma pubescence or texture;lowest lemma coloration;lowest lemma relief;lowest lemma architecture;lowest lemma shape;awn quantity;awn some measurement">lowest lemmas cartilaginous, light to dark-brown, scabridulous distally, 3-veined, unawned, mucronate, or with a single awn, awns to 1.2 mm;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s19" data-properties="palea variability;palea height or length or size;palea pubescence;palea architecture;vein shape;vein architecture or pubescence or shape;vein relief">paleas equaling or slightly shorter than the lemmas, glabrous, 2-veined, veins keeled, shortly ciliate or scabridulous;</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s20" data-properties="anther quantity;anther coloration;anther coloration">anthers 3, deep purple to purple-red.</span> <span class="statement" id="st-d0_s21" data-properties="caryopsis some measurement;caryopsis shape;caryopsis pubescence;caryopsis coloration or reflectance;caryopsis coloration;x chromosome quantity"><b>Caryopses </b>1-1.7 mm, trigonous-ellipsoid, glabrous, translucent when fresh, pale to slightly reddish-purple-tinged, x = 10.</span><!-- -->{{Treatment/Body |distribution=Pa.;Miss.;Tex.;La.;Calif.;Puerto Rico;Virgin Islands;Ala.;N.C.;S.C.;Pacific Islands (Hawaii);Ga.;N.J.;N.Y.;Fla. |discussion=<p>Eustachys, as treated here, is a genus of approximately 12 species, most of which are native to the Western Hemisphere; four are native to the Flora region and three have been introduced. It is, in many ways, morphologically similar to Chloris, with the placement of a few species being problematic. Molecular data (Alice et al. 2000) support its recognition as a distinct genus, but the relationships between it, Chloris sensu stricto, and Cynodon are not clear.</p> |tables= |references={{Treatment/Reference |id=alice2000a |text=Alice, L.A., G.G. Borneo, and K.W. Hilu. 2000. Systematics of Chloris (Chloridoideae; Poaceae) and related genera: Evidence from nuclear ITS and chloroplast matK sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 87, Suppl.: 108-109 }}{{Treatment/Reference |id=anderson1974c |text=Anderson, D.E. 1974. Taxonomy of the genus Chloris (Gramineae). Brigham Young Univ. Sci. Bull., Biol. Ser. 19:1-133. }} }}<!-- --><div class="treatment-key"> ==Key== <div class="treatment-key-group"> {| class="wikitable fna-keytable" |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Lateral veins of the lowest lemma in each spikelet usually glabrous, occasionally with a few short, stiff hairs |[[Eustachys glauca|Eustachys glauca]] |-id=key-0-1 |1 |Lateral veins of the lowest lemma in each spikelet pubescent. |[[#key-0-2| > 2]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Keels of the lowest lemma in each spikelet glabrous. |[[#key-0-3| > 3]] |-id=key-0-3 |3 |Spikelets 1.5-2.1 mm long; panicles with 6-15 branches; branches 4-10 cm long, straight, somewhat stiff; leaf blades 5-10 mm wide |[[Eustachys retusa|Eustachys retusa]] |-id=key-0-3 |3 |Spikelets 2.4-3 mm long; panicles with 10-36 branches; branches 6-15 cm long, flexible; leaf blades 10-15 mm wide |[[Eustachys distichophylla|Eustachys distichophylla]] |-id=key-0-2 |2 |Keels of the lowest lemma in each spikelet pubescent. |[[#key-0-3| > 3]] |-id=key-0-4 |4 |Spikelets 1.5-2.5 mm long; lowest lemma in each spikelet mucronate. |[[#key-0-5| > 5]] |-id=key-0-5 |5 |Lowest lemma in each spikelet dark brown, the lateral veins with appressed hairs shorter than 0.5 mm |[[Eustachys petraea|Eustachys petraea]] |-id=key-0-5 |5 |Lowest lemma in each spikelet tawny to reddish-brown, the lateral veins with spreading hairs longer than 0.5 mm |[[Eustachys caribaea|Eustachys caribaea]] |-id=key-0-4 |4 |Spikelets 2.6-3.7 mm long; lowest lemma in each spikelet awned, awns 0.4-1.2 mm. |[[#key-0-5| > 5]] |-id=key-0-6 |6 |Panicle branches 1-3; awns of lowest lemma in each spikelet 0.4-0.6 mm long; spikelets 3-3.7 mm long |[[Eustachys floridana|Eustachys floridana]] |-id=key-0-6 |6 |Panicle branches (3)4-9; awns of lowest lemma in each spikelet 0.7-1.2 mm long; spikelets 2.6-3 mm long |[[Eustachys neglecta|Eustachys neglecta]] |} </div></div><!-- -->{{#Taxon: name=Eustachys |author=Cynthia Aulbach; |authority=Desv. |rank=genus |parent rank=tribe |synonyms= |basionyms= |family=Poaceae |distribution=Pa.;Miss.;Tex.;La.;Calif.;Puerto Rico;Virgin Islands;Ala.;N.C.;S.C.;Pacific Islands (Hawaii);Ga.;N.J.;N.Y.;Fla. |reference=alice2000a;anderson1974c |publication title= |publication year= |special status= |source xml=https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V25/V25_812.xml |subfamily=Poaceae subfam. Chloridoideae |tribe=Poaceae tribe Cynodonteae |genus=Eustachys |anther coloration=purple;purple-red |anther quantity=3 |apex architecture or shape=bifid;bilobed;truncate |apex shape=mucronate |awn quantity=single |awn some measurement=0mm;1.2mm |axis shape=triquetrous |blade orientation=erect;spreading |blade shape=folded;flat |branch architecture=non-disarticulating |branch arrangement=arranged |branch quantity=1;36 |branch shape=spikelike |caryopsis coloration=pale;slightly reddish-purple-tinged |caryopsis coloration or reflectance=translucent |caryopsis pubescence=glabrous |caryopsis shape=trigonous-ellipsoid |caryopsis some measurement=1mm;1.7mm |culm orientation=decumbent;erect |culm pubescence=glabrous |culm shape=flattened |culm some measurement=20cm;150cm |floret architecture=stipitate;staminate |floret presence=absent;absent |floret prominence=rudimentary |floret quantity=2;3 |floret reproduction=sterile |floret size=reduced |glume architecture=1-veined |glume size=unequal |inflorescence position or structure subtype=terminal |internode architecture=hollow |leaf position=cauline;basal |lemma architecture=empty;stipitate |ligule architecture or pubescence or shape=ciliate |ligule height or length or size=short |ligule some measurement=0mm;0.5mm |ligule texture=scarious |lower glume shape=acuminate |lower glume size=somewhat smaller |lower glume size or width=narrow |lowest floret reproduction=bisexual |lowest lemma architecture=3-veined |lowest lemma coloration=light;dark-brown |lowest lemma pubescence or texture=cartilaginous |lowest lemma relief=scabridulous |lowest lemma shape=mucronate |palea architecture=2-veined |palea height or length or size=slightly shorter |palea pubescence=glabrous |palea variability=equaling |row quantity=2 |sheath architecture=open |sheath arrangement=equitant;distichous |sheath shape=compressed;keeled |spikelet architecture=subsessile;sessile |spikelet architecture or arrangement or growth form=solitary |spikelet orientation=diverging |spikelet shape=compressed |surface pubescence=glabrous |surface relief=scabridulous;scabrous |upper glume coloration=purplish;pale;purplish;pale;green |upper glume pubescence=glabrous |upper glume shape=flattened |upper glume texture=scarious |vein architecture or pubescence or shape=ciliate |vein pubescence or relief=scabrous |vein relief=scabridulous |vein shape=keeled |whole_organism architecture=stoloniferous;rhizomatous |whole_organism duration=perennial |whole_organism growth form=plant;cespitose |x chromosome quantity=10 }}<!-- -->[[Category:Treatment]][[Category:Poaceae tribe Cynodonteae]] Templates used on this page: Template:Poaceae (view source) Template:Treatment/AuthorLink (view source) Template:Treatment/Body (view source) Template:Treatment/Body/Maps (view source) Template:Treatment/ID (view source) Template:Treatment/Reference (view source) Return to Eustachys.