Lyonia mariana

(Linnaeus) D. Don

Edinburgh New Philos. J. 17: 159. 1834,.

Endemic
Basionym: Andromeda mariana Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 393. 1753
Synonyms: Neopieris mariana (Linnaeus) Britton
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 502. Mentioned on page 501.

Shrubs, to 1.5 m. Stems erect, terete to slightly angled. Leaves deciduous; blade narrowly to widely elliptic, ovate, or obovate, (2.5–) 3–8 (–10.5) × 1–4 (–5) cm, membranous, base narrowly cuneate to rounded, margins entire, plane to slightly revolute, apex acute to rounded-mucronate or slightly acuminate, surfaces scattered, multicellular, glandular short-headed-hairy, not lepidote, otherwise glabrous or hairy on major veins, intramarginal vein absent. Inflorescences fascicles, developing from buds along distal portion of stems of previous year; bracts 1 per flower, linear-lanceolate, to 4.5 mm. Pedicels glandular-hairy, not lepidote. Flowers: calyx lobes 3–9.5 × 1–4 mm, glandular-hairy, not lepidote; corolla usually white, rarely pink, cylindric (base not swollen), 7–14 × 4.5–9 mm; filaments 4–7 mm, long-hairy, especially near base, with 2 ± well-developed spurs. Capsules ovoid, 4–6.5 × 3–6 mm, apex strongly constricted, short-headed-hairy, otherwise glabrous or hairy; sutures usually remaining attached to adjacent valve; placentae central to nearly basal. 2n = 24.


Phenology: Flowering spring.
Habitat: Open, acid, dry to moist pine and/or oak forests, flatwoods, or savannas, often in ecotonal situations, less often in shrub bogs, pond margins, and acid swamps
Elevation: 0-200 m

Distribution

V8 981-distribution-map.gif

Ark., Conn., Del., Fla., Ga., La., Md., Miss., Mo., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., Tex., Va.

Discussion

Leaves of Lyonia mariana (and probably other species as well) contain andromedotoxin and are known to cause livestock poisoning; the species is occasionally used as an ornamental. The western populations tend to be much hairier than those of the Atlantic coastal plain.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"entire" is not a number.

... more about "Lyonia mariana"
epigynous +  and hypogynous +
hairy +, glabrous +  and short-headed-hairy +
acute +  and rounded-mucronate or slightly acuminate +
constricted +
Walter S. Judd +
(Linnaeus) D. Don +
furrowed +  and smooth +
not flaky +
narrowly cuneate;rounded +
Andromeda mariana +
8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br /> (10.5 cm105 mm <br />0.105 m <br />) +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
obovate;ovate;obovate;ovate;elliptic +
membranous +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
linear-lanceolate +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
not lepidote +  and glandular-hairy +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.65 cm6.5 mm <br />0.0065 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
pink +  and white +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br />) +
rotate to crateriform campanulate cylindric globose or urceolate +
cylindric +
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
Ark. +, Conn. +, Del. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, La. +, Md. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Okla. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tex. +  and Va. +
0-200 m +
undifferentiated +
fusiform +
flattened +  and geniculate +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
indehiscent +  and loculicidal +
globose;ovoid or ellipsoid +
Open, acid, dry to moist pine and/or oak forests, flatwoods, or savannas, often in ecotonal situations, less often in shrub bogs, pond margins, and acid swamps +
pseudoverticillate +  and alternate +
deciduous +
plane;slightly revolute +
parietal +, axile +  and placentation +
tenuinucellate +  and unitegmic +
(2-)5-8(-12)-flowered +
not lepidote +  and glandular-hairy +
epigynous +  and hypogynous +
reduced +
not sticky +
Flowering spring. +
[4-]5[-8]-carpellate +
central +  and nearly basal +
Edinburgh New Philos. J. +
tan;yellowish-brown or brown +
distinct +
obovoid +  and angular-obovoid or narrowly conic +
ovate-deltate +  and lanceolate +
well-developed +
procumbent +  and creeping +
hairy +  and glabrous +
terete +  and slightly angled +
peltate +  and capitate +
straight +
multicellular +
hairy +, glabrous +, not lepidote +  and short-headed-hairy +
Neopieris mariana +
Lyonia mariana +
species +
glabrescent +  and hairy +
achlorophyllous +  and chlorophyllous +
evergreen +, deciduous +  and perennial +
heterotrophic +, autotrophic +  and mycotrophic +
multicellular-hairy +