Malacothamnus fasciculatus

(Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray) Greene

Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 1: 208. 1906.

Common names: Chaparral bushmallow
Illustrated
Basionym: Malva fasciculata Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray Fl. N. Amer. 1: 225. 1838
Synonyms: Malacothamnus arcuatus (Greene) Greene M. fasciculatus subsp. catalinensis (Eastwood) Thorne M. fasciculatus var. catalinensis (Eastwood) Kearney M. fasciculatus var. laxiflorus (A. Gray) Kearney M. fasciculatus var. nesioticus (B. L. Robinson) Kearney M. fasciculatus var. nuttallii (Abrams) Kearney M. hallii (Greene) B. L. Robinson M. mendocinensis Eastwood M. nesioticus (Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray) Greene M. nuttallii Eastwood M. parishii (A. Gray) Davidson & Moxley Malvastrum arcuatum Eastwood M. catalinense B. L. Robinson M. fasciculatum (Abrams) Davidson & Moxley M. fasciculatum var. laxiflorum (A. Gray) Munz & I. M. Johnston M. hallii (Greene) Arthur M. laxiflorum (B. L. Robinson) Jepson M. mendocinense M. nesioticum M. nesioticum subsp. nuttallii (Abrams) Wiggins M. nuttallii M. parishii Sphaeralcea arcuata S. nesiotica
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 6. Treatment on page 282. Mentioned on page 281, 283, 284.

Shrubs, 1–3 (–5) m; branches usually slender; indument white to tawny, sparse to dense, stellate hairs sessile or stalked, 10–30-armed, arms 0.2–1.5 mm. Leaf-blades ovate, broadly ovate, or round, unlobed or 3-lobed, 5-lobed, or 7-lobed, 2–6 (–11) cm, usually thin, surfaces: adaxial gray-green and sparsely hairy, basal lobes not overlapping. Inflorescences cymose, spicate, racemose, or open-paniculate, flower clusters subsessile to pedunculate, usually many-flowered, glomerate to loose; involucellar bractlets subulate to linear, 1–6 (–8) × to 1 mm, usually less than 1/2 (–2/3) calyx length. Flowers: calyx campanulate, 4–9 (–11) mm, lobes triangular to ovate, 1.8–6 (–8) × 1.5–3 (–4) mm, usually slightly longer than wide, slightly longer than tube, apex acute to short-acuminate, densely stellate-hairy, hairs usually 10–30-armed, arms 0.2–1.5 mm; petals pale-pink to mauve, to 2 cm. Mericarps 2–3.5 (–4.5) mm. 2n = 34.


Phenology: Flowering Apr–Jul.
Habitat: Coastal sage scrub, chaparral
Elevation: 10–600(–2500) m

Distribution

V6 512-distribution-map.jpg

Calif., Mexico (Baja California), Mexico (Sonora)

Discussion

Malacothamnus fasciculatus occurs principally in the Coast and Transverse ranges. It recently was found in natural Sonora Desert scrub in Maricopa County, Arizona (S. Hunkins 2012). Whether introduced or native is not known; its presence supports the nativity of collections made by Thurber in Sonora in the early 1850s. In southern California, some variants have been recognized infraspecifically: var. laxiflorus, with open-paniculate inflorescences, occurs essentially through the range of the species except in the coastal Peninsula Ranges; var. nuttallii, robust plants with paniculate inflorescences, often densely white-hairy adaxial leaf surfaces, and floral and carpel measurements in the upper ranges, occurs in the Transverse Ranges of Santa Barbara and Ventura counties; var. nesioticus, presumably with fastigiate inflorescence branches, but essentially the same as var. nuttallii, occurs on Santa Cruz Island; var. catalinensis, robust plants with spicate to narrowly paniculate inflorescences, occurs only on Santa Catalina Island. In northern California, populations generally have floral measurements in the lower range, although in the Santa Cruz Mountains plants sometimes have involucellar bractlets in the upper range. Otherwise, populations vary in patterns similar to those of southern California. Malacothamnus fasciculatus intergrades with M. davidsonii and M. fremontii in the Transverse Ranges and M. densiflorus in the Peninsula Ranges.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
loculicidal +
stellate-hairy +
acute;short-acuminate +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
David M. Bates +
(Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray) Greene +
not overlapping +
cordate +  and truncate or cuneate +
Malva fasciculata +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (11 cm110 mm <br />0.11 m <br />) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
7-lobed;5-lobed;3-lobed;unlobed;round;ovate;7-lobed;5-lobed;3-lobed;unlobed;round;ovate;7-lobed;5-lobed;3-lobed;unlobed;round;ovate;7-lobed;5-lobed;3-lobed;unlobed;round;ovate;7-lobed;5-lobed;3-lobed;unlobed;round;ovate;ovate +
asymmetric +  and symmetric +
ovate +  and round rhombic or reniform unlobed or palmately 3-lobed 5-lobed or 7-lobed +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
subulate +  and linear +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
slender +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
campanulate +
not accrescent +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
indehiscent +  and loculicidal +
Chaparral bushmallow +
white +, usually rose +  and pale-pink pinkish mauve or mauve +
campanulate +  and subrotate +
Calif. +, Mexico (Baja California) +  and Mexico (Sonora) +
10–600(–2500) m +
sparse;copious +
subterminal +
subsessile +  and pedunculate usually many-flowered glomerate +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
subglobose-obovate +, disclike +  and not inflated +
Coastal sage scrub, chaparral +
10-30-armed +, stalked +  and sessile +
bifurcate +
spicate +  and cymose +
open-paniculate +  and racemose +
tough-fibrous +
connate +  and distinct +
simple +, stipulate +, sessile +, subsessile +  and petiolate +
distichous +  and alternate +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
slightly longer +  and usually slightly longer than wide +
triangular +  and ovate +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
entire +  and serrate +
smooth-walled +  and 1-celled +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
asymmetrically suborbicular +  and obovoid-reniform +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
7-14-carpellate +
pale-pink;mauve +
adnate +  and distinct +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Flowering Apr–Jul. +
Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. +
minutely stellate-hairy or rarely glabrous +  and papillate-stellate +
black +  and brown +
hairy +  and glabrous +
obovoid-reniform +
persistent +
Illustrated +
sessile +  and subsessile +
ascending;erect +
filiform +, linear +  and capitate +
1-2 times number of carpels +
filiform +  and subulate +
7-14-branched +
Malacothamnus arcuatus +, M. fasciculatus subsp. catalinensis +, M. fasciculatus var. catalinensis +, M. fasciculatus var. laxiflorus +, M. fasciculatus var. nesioticus +, M. fasciculatus var. nuttallii +, M. hallii +, M. mendocinensis +, M. nesioticus +, M. nuttallii +, M. parishii +, Malvastrum arcuatum +, M. catalinense +, M. fasciculatum +, M. fasciculatum var. laxiflorum +, M. laxiflorum +, M. mendocinense +, M. nesioticum +, M. nesioticum subsp. nuttallii +, Sphaeralcea arcuata +  and S. nesiotica +
Malacothamnus fasciculatus +
Malacothamnus +
species +
300 cm3,000 mm <br />3 m <br /> (500 cm5,000 mm <br />5 m <br />) +
glabrate +  and densely hairy +
monoecious +, dioecious +  and hermaphroditic +