Mammillaria mainiae

K. Brandegee

Zoë 5: 31. 1900.

Common names: Counterclockwise fishhook cactus
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 253. Mentioned on page 249, 252.

Plants branched or unbranched; branches 0–several, not numerous, seldom rooting. Roots diffuse, upper portion not enlarged. Stems nearly spheric, 2.5–12 × 3.5–7 cm, firm; tubercles 9–10.5 (–18) × 3–9 mm; axils appearing naked; cortex and pith not mucilaginous; latex absent. Spines ca. 9–16 per areole, brightly colored than M. grahamii, yellowish, pale pinkish tan, or brown (smaller spines paler), tipped dark chestnut-brown to blackish, glabrous, sometimes ± pubescent when young; radial spines (8–) 10–15 per areole, bristlelike, 6–10 (–12) × 0.13–0.23 mm, stiff; central spines 1 (–2) per areole, porrect, hooked, 11–20 × 0.2–0.4 mm; subcentral spines 0 (–2) per areole, adaxial to central spines. Flowers (1–) 2–3 × 1.2–2 cm; outermost tepal margins densely fringed, fringes 0.4 mm; inner tepals pinkish white with sharply defined magenta midstripes; stigma lobes bright red to red-purple, orange, or magenta, (3–) 7–9 mm. Fruits bright-orange-red, spheric to obovoid, 5–7 × 4–4.5 mm, level with or beneath spines, juicy only in fruit walls; floral remnant weakly persistent. Seeds black, 1–1.2 × 0.8–1 mm, pitted; testa hard; anticlinal cell-walls straight; interstices conspicuously wider than pit diameters; pits bowl-shaped. 2n = 22.


Phenology: Flowering summer.
Habitat: Sonoran desert, grasslands, bajadas, valleys, washes, alluvial fans [subtropical woodlands, tropical deciduous forests]
Elevation: [200-]600-1200 m

Distribution

V4 462-distribution-map.gif

Ariz., Mexico (Sinaloa), Mexico (Sonora)

Discussion

The tendency for all spine hooks on plants to be oriented in same direction is not unique to Mammillaria mainiae. This uncommon and poorly known species is restricted in the flora area to the relatively mesic eastern edge of the Sonoran Desert, in western bajadas of the Baboquivari Mountains, Arizona. Mammillaria mainiae is not known from Nogales, Arizona, contrary to L. D. Benson (1969, 1982); it was originally discovered in Mexico somewhere south of Nogales.

Mammillaria wrightii var. wilcoxii, which grows all around Nogales, Arizona, is easily misidentified as M. mainiae.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Mammillaria mainiae"
cushionlike +
needlelike +  and bristlelike +
circular to linear +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (3.1 cm31 mm <br />0.031 m <br />) +
deciduous +  and persistent +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
plumose +  and hairlike +
0.001 cm0.01 mm <br />1.0e-5 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
Allan D. Zimmerman +  and Bruce D. Parfitt +
K. Brandegee +
hardened +
triangular +
not numerous +, 0 +  and several +
curved +  and straight +
11mm +  and 20mm +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br />) +
proliferating +
flattened +  and cylindric +
Counterclockwise fishhook cactus +
not mucilaginous +
Ariz. +, Mexico (Sinaloa) +  and Mexico (Sonora) +
[200-]600-1200 m +
not separating +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> (7.5 cm75 mm <br />0.075 m <br />) +
unconnected +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
rotate +  and campanulate +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (2.6 cm26 mm <br />0.026 m <br />) +
bright-orange-red +
indehiscent +
persistent +, long +  and deciduous +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
spheric +  and obovoid +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
Sonoran desert, grasslands, bajadas, valleys, washes, alluvial fans [subtropical woodlands, tropical deciduous forests] +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
1.5mm;8.5mm +
conspicuously wider +
deciduous +  and persistent +
rudimentary +
flat +  and terete +
nearly +  and microscopic +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
tuberculate +
fluted;spheric;depressed-spheric or club-shaped +
deciduous +  and persistent +
Flowering summer. +
bowl--shaped +
not mucilaginous +
ridgelike +  and nipple--shaped +
bristly +  and woolly +
3;2;2;30 +
triangular +
arillate +  and strophiolate +
0.4mm;12mm +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
obovoid;pyriform;obovoid;pyriform;lenticular-reniform;comma--shaped;spheric +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
brown tipped dark chestnut-brown +  and blackish +
straight +  and curved +
deciduous +  and persistent +
6mm +  and 10mm +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
10 (?) +  and 15 (?) +
annulate-ridged +, hairlike +, daggerlike +, subulate +  and acicular +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
hard +  and rigid +
0.013 cm0.13 mm <br />1.3e-4 m <br /> (0.023 cm0.23 mm <br />2.3e-4 m <br />) +
decurrent +
unsegmented +
12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
purplish +, green +  and gray-green +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
spheric +
3.5cm;7cm +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
bright red +  and red-purple orange or magenta +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
tuberculate +
Chilita +, Cochemiea +, Dolichothele +, Ebnerella +, Leptocladodia +, Neomammillaria +  and Phellosperma +
adventitious +
tuberlike +
epipetric +  and epiphytic +
Mammillaria mainiae +
Mammillaria +
species +
flat +  and concave +
dull +  and glossy +
not confluent +
1.05 cm10.5 mm <br />0.0105 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
9mm +  and 10.5mm +
cylindric +, conic +  and pyramidal +
3mm +  and 9mm +
not enlarged +
straight +
sinuate +
unbranched +  and branched +
epiphytic;epiphytic;epiphytic +
barrel-shaped +  and spheric +