Melanthium virginicum

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. 1: 339. 1753.

Common names: Virginia bunch-flower
IllustratedEndemic
Synonyms: Melanthium dispersum Small Veratrum virginicum (Linnaeus) Aiton f.
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 78. Mentioned on page 75, 77.
Revision as of 06:01, 30 July 2020 by imported>Volume Importer
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Rhizomes 0.5–2 × 0.5–1.8 cm; bulbs 0.6–2.5 cm. Stems 1/4–1/3 floriferous, 0.6–2 m. Leaf-blades linear, long-attenuate, 30–80 × 0.6–3.2 cm, apex acute. Inflorescences 1.3–8 dm; terminal raceme 1–2.6 dm; secondary racemes spreading to ascending, 0.2–1.1 (–2.2) dm; tertiary racemes infrequent; bracts obovate to subulate, green to brown, 2–4 (–6) mm, densely floccose abaxially and marginally. Tepals greenish yellow, aging dark reddish purple, ovate to obovate-oblong, 5.5–13 × 2.2–6 mm, base abruptly auriculate to hastate, clawed, margins entire, apex acute, claws 0.5–1.2 (–2.5) mm; glands yellowish green, oblong to oblong-ovate, nectariferous; stamens 6.5–8.5 mm; filaments inserted at or above middle of claw, 0.7–2.5 mm from ovary base, not basally dilated, equaling tepal width at insertion point; anthers 0.9 mm; ovary ovoid, glabrous or pubescent; styles 1.5–3.5 mm; pedicel spreading to ascending, 5–20 mm. Capsules elliptic-ovoid, 10–18 × 6–10 mm, glabrous or glabrate. Seeds 5–8 × 2.5–4 mm (including wings). 2n = 16.


Phenology: Flowering late spring–summer.
Habitat: Bogs, marshes, wet woods, savannas, meadows, along railroads
Elevation: 10–800 m

Distribution

V26 65-distribution-map.jpg

Ala., Ark., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., La., Md., Miss., Mo., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Okla., Pa., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va., W.Va.

Discussion

The clawed tepals of Melanthium virginicum distinguish it from M. parviflorum and M. woodii, which have tepals with gradually attenuate bases.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"broad" is not a number."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Melanthium virginicum"
cordate-reniform +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (?) +
Norlyn L. Bodkin +  and Frederick H. Utech +
Linnaeus +
whorled +, opposite +  and alternate +
clawed +, abruptly auriculate +  and hastate +
reticulate-veined +  and parallel-veined +
canaliculate +, elliptic +  and obovate +
sheathing +  and involucrate +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
green +  and brown +
1;several +
obovate;subulate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
glabrate +  and glabrous +
elliptic-ovoid +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br />) +
Virginia bunch-flower +
Ala. +, Ark. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Md. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Va. +  and W.Va. +
10–800 m +
persistent +
connate-coroniform +  and dilated +
sessile +  and pedicellate +
smaller +
loculicidal +  and septicidal +
3-lobed +
membranaceous +  and leathery +
yellowish green +
nectariferous +
oblong +  and oblong-ovate +
Bogs, marshes, wet woods, savannas, meadows, along railroads +
umbellate +, cymose +  and spicate +
compound-racemose +  and open-paniculate +
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br />) +
long-attenuate +
0.6cm;3.2cm +
persistent +
reduced +
undulate +  and entire +
distinct +
superior +  and partly inferior +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
many;several +
spreading +  and ascending +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
zygomorphic +  and actinomorphic +
prominent +  and obscure to very +
Flowering late spring–summer. +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (?) +  and 2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (?) +  and 1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br /> (?) +
contractile +
wind-distributed +
pale-yellow +  and tan +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
1 +  and many +
elliptic +  and lanceolate +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (?) +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
staminodial +
0.65 cm6.5 mm <br />0.0065 m <br /> (0.85 cm8.5 mm <br />0.0085 m <br />) +
floriferous +
60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br /> (200 cm2,000 mm <br />2 m <br />) +
1 +  and several +
persistent +
distinct +
spreading +  and recurved +
beaklike +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
Melanthium dispersum +  and Veratrum virginicum +
Melanthium virginicum +
Melanthium +
species +
dark reddish;greenish yellow +
persistent +
adnate +, distinct +  and weakly connate basally +
5.5mm;13mm +
ovate +  and obovate-oblong +
subequal +
2.2mm;6mm +
sepaloid +  and petaloid +
narrower +
3 +  and 2 +