Mnium spinulosum

Bruch & Schimper

Bryol. Europ. 4: 206, plate 394. 1846.

Treatment appears in FNA Volume 28. Treatment on page 228. Mentioned on page 224.

Plants 0.5–1 (–2.5) cm. Stems red or reddish-brown. Leaves green to dark green, slightly contorted or undulate when dry, obovate or occasionally elliptic, 2.5–5 mm; base long-decurrent; margins reddish-brown, multistratose with stereid band, toothed distally, teeth paired, long, sharp; apex acute, obtuse, or rounded-acute, cuspidate, cusp toothed; costa percurrent or excurrent, distal abaxial surface smooth, sometimes with few small teeth; medial laminal cells ± isodiametric or short-elongate, 25–40 µm, smaller towards margins, not in rows, not collenchymatous, blue postmortal color absent; marginal cells linear, in (3–) 4–5 rows. Sexual condition synoicous. Seta single or multiple. Capsule pale-yellow, 1.5–4 mm; operculum rostrate; exostome dark reddish-brown, often purplish. Spores 16–24 µm.


Phenology: Capsules mature late spring.
Habitat: Forests, on humus, logs, rock, base of trees
Elevation: low to moderate elevations

Distribution

V28 362-distribution-map.gif

Alta., B.C., Man., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.W.T., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Yukon, Alaska, Ariz., Calif., Conn., Ga., Idaho, Ill., Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mont., N.H., N.Y., Oreg., R.I., S.Dak., Vt., Wash., Wis., Europe, Asia

Discussion

Mnium spinulosum is distinguished by usually obovate leaves with broad, thick, and pigmented margins, and dark reddish brown exostomes. The capsule mouths are dark reddish brown; H. A. Crum and L. E. Anderson (1981) referred to this species as the red-mouthed mnium.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Mnium spinulosum"
blackish +, orange-yellow +, reddish-brown +, yellowish-brown +, yellowish green +, red +, brown +  and yellow +
rounded-acute +, obtuse +  and acute +
Terry T. McIntosh +  and Steven G. Newmaster +
Bruch & Schimper +
red +  and yellowish +
long-decurrent +
cucullate +
horizontal;pendent +
oblong-cylindric +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
undifferentiated +
2 +  and 1 +
nodulose +
excurrent +  and percurrent +
ending well before apex +  and subpercurrent +
toothed +
Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. +, N.W.T. +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Yukon +, Alaska +, Ariz. +, Calif. +, Conn. +, Ga. +, Idaho +, Ill. +, Ky. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mont. +, N.H. +, N.Y. +, Oreg. +, R.I. +, S.Dak. +, Vt. +, Wash. +, Wis. +, Europe +  and Asia +
low to moderate elevations +
brown +  and yellowish +
purplish +  and dark reddish-brown +
lanceolate-acuminate +
Forests, on humus, logs, rock, base of trees +
crowded +  and distant +
green +  and dark green +
spreading +, erect-spreading +  and patent +
elliptic +, obovate +, undulate +  and contorted +
larger +  and small +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
multistratose +
reddish-brown +
synoicous +  and sexual +
rhomboidal +  and short-linear +
short-elongate +  and isodiametric +
Capsules mature late spring. +
Bryol. Europ. +
smaller +  and larger +
flexuose +  and straight +
multiple +  and single +
elongate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
spheric +
not dendroid +, branched +  and simple +
reddish-brown +  and red +
Mnium spinulosum +
species +
open;compact +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +