Physocarpus opulifolius

(Linnaeus) Maximowicz

Trudy Imp. S.-Petersburgsk. Bot. Sada 6: 220. 1879.

Common names: Common or Atlantic nine-bark physocarpe à feuilles d'obier
EndemicIllustrated
Basionym: Spiraea opulifolia Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 489. 1753
Synonyms: Opulaster alabamensis Rydberg O. australis Rydberg O. opulifolius (Linnaeus) Kuntze O. stellatus Rydberg ex Small
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 348. Mentioned on page 349, 388.

Shrubs, to 30 dm. Stems spreading to ascending, ± glabrous. Leaves: stipules narrowly ovate, 6–10 × 1.5–2.5 mm, apex acute; petiole 1–3 cm; blade ovate to obovate, 6–8.5 (–10) × 4–7 (–10) cm, usually longer than wide, base broadly cuneate to truncate, 3 (–5) -lobed, margins irregularly serrate, apex obtuse to rounded, surfaces mostly glabrous, sometimes sparsely hairy abaxially. Inflorescences 30–50-flowered, open, hemispheric racemes, 5 cm diam.; bracts elliptic to spatulate or rhombic, 5 × 2.5 mm, apex acute to 3-fid or coarsely erose, faces glandular. Pedicels 1–2 cm, usually stellate-hairy. Flowers 7–10 mm diam.; hypanthium cupshaped, 1.5–2 mm, glabrous or sparsely stellate-hairy; sepals pale green to white, darker in center, triangular, 1.5–2.5 mm, apex mucronate, gland-tipped, surfaces usually stellate-hairy; petals white to pale-pink, broadly elliptic to orbiculate, 4–5 × 4–5 mm; stamens equal to or exceeding petals, anthers purplish; carpels 3–5, connate basally, sparsely stellate-hairy, glabrescent. Follicles 3–5, connate basally, bright red to brownish red, ovoid, 5–10 mm (lengths ca. 2 times sepals), sparsely stellate-hairy, ± glabrescent; styles 4 mm. Seeds 2 (–5), pyriform, 2 mm. 2n = 18.


Phenology: Flowering May–Jun; fruiting Jul–Sep.
Habitat: Rocky stream banks, lake shores, moist woods, swampy ground
Elevation: 0–1300 m

Distribution

V9 572-distribution-map.jpg

N.B., N.S., Ont., Que., Ala., Ariz., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Kans., Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Miss., Nebr., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., N.Dak., Ohio, Okla., Pa., R.I., S.C., S.Dak., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va., Wis., in Europe

Discussion

Physocarpus opulifolius is the most widespread species in the wild and is commonly cultivated in North America and Europe; it occasionally escapes from cultivation and has become established in parts of Europe.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"dm" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Physocarpus opulifolius"
gland-tipped +
mucronate;acute;3-fid +
Crinan Alexander +
(Linnaeus) Maximowicz +
buff +  and reddish-brown or black +
compound +  and simple +
opposite +  and alternate +
3(-5)-lobed +, broadly cuneate +  and truncate +
Spiraea opulifolia +
8.5 cm85 mm <br />0.085 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (8.5 cm85 mm <br />0.085 m <br />) +
usually longer than wide +
ovate +  and obovate +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
membranous +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (?) +  and 7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br /> (?) +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (?) +
elliptic +  and spatulate or rhombic +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (?) +
glabrescent +  and stellate-hairy +
Common or Atlantic nine-bark +  and physocarpe à feuilles d'obier +
N.B. +, N.S. +, Ont. +, Que. +, Ala. +, Ariz. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Kans. +, Ky. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Miss. +, Nebr. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, N.Dak. +, Ohio +, Okla. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Vt. +, Va. +, W.Va. +, Wis. +  and in Europe +
not +  and aggregated +
0–1300 m +
stellate-hairy +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
glabrescent +  and stellate-hairy +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
aggregated +  and solitary +
flattened +, inflated +  and ovoid +
not splitting +
not +  and aggregated +
not +  and aggregated +
Rocky stream banks, lake shores, moist woods, swampy ground +
stellate-hairy +  and glabrous +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
open +  and 30-50-flowered +
axillary +  and terminal +
crassinucellate +
deciduous +
3-5(-7)-veined +
unlobed +, 3-5(-7)-lobed +, crenate +  and doubly crenate or doubly dentate +
inferior +  and superior +
clustered +  and biseriate +
2 +  and 5 +
stellate-hairy +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
0 (?) +  and 4 (?) +
white +  and pale-pink +
free +  and distinct +
broadly elliptic;orbiculate +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
Flowering May–Jun +  and fruiting Jul–Sep. +
adnate +, free +, connate +  and distinct +
Trudy Imp. S.-Petersburgsk. Bot. Sada +
hemispheric +
carunculate +
pyriform +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +
darker +, pale green +  and white +
persistent +
free +  and distinct +
ascending +  and slightly reflexed +
triangular +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
Endemic +  and Illustrated +
free +  and distinct +
branched +  and simple +
spreading +  and ascending +
5 +  and 20 +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
broadly ovate +  and rectangular +
persistent +
distinct +
basal +, lateral +, subterminal +  and terminal +
not elongate +
slender +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (?) +
stellate-hairy +, hairy +  and glabrous +
Opulaster alabamensis +, O. australis +, O. opulifolius +  and O. stellatus +
Physocarpus opulifolius +
Physocarpus +
species +
inconspicuous +
stellate-hairy +  and glabrous +