Prunus angustifolia

Marshall

Arbust. Amer., 111. 1785.

Common names: Chickasaw plumE
Endemic
Synonyms: Prunus angustifolia subsp. varians W. Wight & Hedrick P. angustifolia var. watsonii (Sargent) Waugh
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 9. Treatment on page 381. Mentioned on page 358, 360, 376, 382.
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Shrubs or trees, often suckering, 10–50 dm, thorny. Twigs with axillary end buds, glabrous. Leaves deciduous; petiole 2–14 mm, usually sparsely hairy on adaxial surface, rarely glabrous or hairy on both surfaces, usually eglandular, sometimes glandular distally, glands 1–2; blade lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, usually folded along midribs, often ± falcate, 1.5–6 × 0.8–2 cm, base cuneate to obtuse, margins crenulate-serrulate, teeth blunt, glandular, glands reddish orange, conic, apex acute, abaxial surface glabrate with hairs along midribs and major veins, adaxial glabrous. Inflorescences 2–4-flowered, umbellate fascicles. Pedicels 3–10 mm, glabrous. Flowers blooming before, sometimes at, leaf emergence; hypanthium campanulate, 1.5–3 mm, usually glabrous, rarely hairy, externally; sepals erect to spreading, ovate, 1–2 mm, margins entire, sparsely ciliate, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial hairy; petals white, suborbiculate to obovate, 3–6 mm; ovaries glabrous. Drupes red to yellow, lightly glaucous, globose to ellipsoid, 15–20 mm, glabrous; mesocarps fleshy; stones ovoid, ± flattened. 2n = 16.


Phenology: Flowering Feb–Apr; fruiting May–Aug.
Habitat: Thickets, upland sandy soil, open woods, sand dunes, fence rows, pastures, roadsides, stream bottoms
Elevation: 0–600 m

Distribution

V9 635-distribution-map.jpg

Ala., Ark., Colo., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Kans., Ky., La., Md., Miss., Mo., Nebr., N.J., N.Mex., N.C., Okla., Pa., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va., W.Va.

Discussion

A naturalized population of Prunus angustifolia in Santa Barbara County, California, has been extirpated.

Prunus angustifolia is one of the more distinctive plum species in North America. The leaves are relatively small, usually folded along their midribs, and have relatively large, reddish orange, conic glands along the margins. When it hybridizes with other plums, the hybrids often have distinctive characteristics and have been named as species more often than hybrids not involving P. angustifolia: P. ×orthosepala Koehne (angustifolia × americana), P. ×slavinii E. J. Palmer ex Rehder (angustifolia × gracilis), P. ×utahensis Koehne (angustifolia × pumila var. besseyi); see also discussion under 42. P. rivularis.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Prunus angustifolia"
glabrous +  and glabrate +
hairy +  and glabrous +
Joseph R. Rohrer +
Marshall +
dark gray +, gray-brown +, reddish-brown +  and reddish +
compound +  and simple +
opposite +  and alternate +
cuneate +  and obtuse +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
falcate +, lanceolate +  and narrowly elliptic +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (18 cm180 mm <br />0.18 m <br />) +
membranous +  and leathery +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (?) +  and 2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +
free +  and distinct +
Chickasaw plumE +
solitary +, fascicles +, 2-flowered +  and umbellate +
Ala. +, Ark. +, Colo. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Kans. +, Ky. +, La. +, Md. +, Miss. +, Mo. +, Nebr. +, N.J. +, N.Mex. +, N.C. +, Okla. +, Pa. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Va. +  and W.Va. +
not +  and aggregated +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
red +  and yellow +
glabrous +  and glaucous +
globose +  and ellipsoid +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
0–600 m +
flattened +
hairy +  and glabrous +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
not +  and aggregated +
not +  and aggregated +
not +  and aggregated +
reddish orange +
Thickets, upland sandy soil, open woods, sand dunes, fence rows, pastures, roadsides, stream bottoms +
persistent +  and deciduous +
hairy +  and glabrous +
campanulate +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
umbellate +  and 2-4-flowered +
crassinucellate +
deciduous +
entire +  and crenulate-serrulate +
undulate +, toothed +, entire +, flat +  and lobed +
inferior +  and superior +
biseriate +  and clustered +
collateral +  and apical +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
0 (?) +  and 4 (?) +
free +  and distinct +
suborbiculate;obovate +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
hairy +  and glabrous +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br />) +
Flowering Feb–Apr +  and fruiting May–Aug. +
adnate +, free +, connate +  and distinct +
Arbust. Amer., +
not arillate +
free +  and distinct +
erect +  and spreading +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
free +  and distinct +
branched +  and simple +
1 +  and 20 +
linear;lanceolate +
flattened +  and ovoid +
deciduous +
distinct +
basal +, lateral +, subterminal +  and terminal +
not elongate +
Prunus angustifolia subsp. varians +  and P. angustifolia var. watsonii +
Prunus angustifolia +
species +
inconspicuous +
tree +, suckering +  and shrub +
hairy +  and glabrous +