Rhynchospora caduca

Elliott

Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 1: 62. 1816.

IllustratedEndemic
Synonyms: Phaeocephalum caducum (Elliott) House Rhynchospora patula A. Gray
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 223. Mentioned on page 201, 204, 222, 224.
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Plants perennial, cespitose, 70–150 cm; rhizomes often present, short, scaly. Culms erect or ascending, leafy, trigonous. Leaves exceeded by culm; blades linear, proximally 4–7 mm wide, apex trigonous, tapering. Inflorescences terminal and axillary; clusters 3–6, mostly dense, narrowly to broadly turbinate, branches ascending; leafy bracts exceeeding proximalmost inflorescences. Spikelets rich brown, ovoid, (3–) 4–5 mm, apex acuminate; fertile scales ovate, 2.5–3.5 mm, apex acuminate, midrib included or shortexcurrent. Flowers: perianth bristles mostly 6, exceeding tubercle tip. Fruits mostly 3–4 per spikelet, 2–2.2 mm; body brown on short pedicellar (to 0.3 mm) stalk, broadly obovoid, lenticular, 1.3–1.5 × 1–1.5 mm, surfaces transversely rugulose, vertically finely striate and rectangularalveolate; tubercle compressed, triangular acuminate, 0.5–0.8 mm, edges setulose.


Phenology: Fruiting summer–fall.
Habitat: Low meadows, clearings, marshes, marsh borders, seeps, bog moats, savannas, ditches, pine flatwoods, swamps
Elevation: 0–400 m

Distribution

V23 390-distribution-map.jpg

Ala., Ark., Fla., Ga., La., Miss., N.C., Okla., S.C., Tenn., Tex., Va.

Discussion

Rhynchospora caduca has its closest relationships with the even more robust R. odorata Grisebach, on the one hand, and the swampinhabiting, more slender, and rhizomatous R. mixta Britton ex Small, on the other. Intergrades with R. odorata appear in Alabama and northwest Florida; intergrades with R. mixta appear where ranges overlap in both the Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number."wider" is not a number.

... more about "Rhynchospora caduca"
acuminate;acuminate;tapering;trigonous +
Robert Kral +
Elliott +
2-lobed +  and lunate +
scabridulous +  and scabrid +
v--shaped +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
warty +, papillate +, alveolate +  and pitted +
lenticular +  and obovoid +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
ascending +  and appressed +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
ascending +  and erect +
trigonous +
Ala. +, Ark. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, La. +, Miss. +, N.C. +, Okla. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +  and Va. +
0–400 m +
distalmost +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.22 cm2.2 mm <br />0.0022 m <br />) +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Low meadows, clearings, marshes, marsh borders, seeps, bog moats, savannas, ditches, pine flatwoods, swamps +
erect +, rarely +  and spreading +
3-ranked +  and polystichous +
cauline +  and basal +
keeled;terete;keeled;terete +
revolute +  and involute +
shortexcurrent +  and included +
decurrent +
plumed +  and barbed +
deciduous +  and persistent +
shorter or longer +
of 2-12(-20) bristles +
Fruiting summer–fall. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
Sketch Bot. S. Carolina +
adventitious +
basal +  and proximal +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
cylindric +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
2 +  and 3 +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
papillate +
cleft +, 2-fid +  and undivided +
Phaeocephalum caducum +  and Rhynchospora patula +
Rhynchospora caduca +
Rhynchospora +
species +
sulcate +  and 2-edged +
acuminate +, triangular +  and compressed +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br />) +
plant +  and cespitose +