Schoenoplectus subterminalis

(Torrey) Soják

Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 140: 127. 1972.

Common names: Water bulrush water club-rush swaying bulrush scirpe subterminal
IllustratedEndemic
Basionym: Scirpus subterminalis Torrey Fl. N. Middle United States 1: 47. 1824
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 23. Treatment on page 54. Mentioned on page 46, 51, 109.

Plants mat-forming; rhizomes to 1 mm diam; terminal tubers sometimes present, to 3 mm thick, fleshy. Culms subcylindric, 0.2–1.5 m × 0.5–1 mm. Leaves 3–20+, smooth; sheath fronts sometimes delicately pinnate-fibrillose; blades 3–20, when erect C-shaped in cross-section proximally, elliptic most of length, when submerged usually flaccid and filiform to narrowly ribbonlike, probably longer than sheath, 0.2–1 mm wide. Inflorescences a solitary, erect spikelet; proximal bract erect, like stiff leaf-blade, 7–60 mm. Spikelets 5–15 × 3–7 mm; scales pale-brown, or central region green when young, ovatelanceolate, 4–6 × 1.5 mm, smooth, margins sometimes ciliolate apically at 40X, midrib obscure, apex acute, entire, minutely mucronate. Flowers: perianth members 6, brown, bristlelike, from 1/2 of to equaling achene beak, spinulose; anthers 2–3.5 mm; styles 3-fid. Achenes brown, strongly trigonous, obovoid to obpyriform, (2.5–) 3–3.5 × 1.5–1.7 mm; beak 0.3–0.8 mm. 2n = 72.


Phenology: Fruiting summer.
Habitat: Submerged to emergent in water to 1 m or sometimes terrestrial, fresh lakes, streams, bogs
Elevation: 10–2200 m

Distribution

V23 77-distribution-map.jpg

B.C., N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Sask., Ala., Alaska, Calif., Conn., Del., Fla., Ga., Idaho, Ill., Ind., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Minn., Mo., Mont., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Oreg., Pa., R.I., S.C., Utah, Vt., Va., Wash., Wis.

Discussion

Schoenoplectus subterminalis often forms lawnlike, underwater mats that are entirely vegetative or have only the inflorescences emergent. This species is probably extirpated from Illinois. Schoenoplectus subterminalis var. terrestris Paine [= S. subterminalis forma terrestris (Paine) Fernald] probably does not deserve taxonomic recognition.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"shortened" is not a number."elliptic" is not a number."prolonged" is not a number.

0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
with transverse wavy ridges +  and rugose +
obovoid;obpyriform +
1.5mm;1.7mm +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
mucronate;acute +
S. Galen Smith +
(Torrey) Soják +
deciduous +
enlarged +
Scirpus subterminalis +
0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br /> (0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br />) +
probably longer +
rudimentary +
3 +  and 20 +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
glumaceous +  and foliaceous +
2-ranked +  and arranged +
ascending +  and appressed +
parallel +  and divergent +
terete +, rolled +  and plicate +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
ovatelanceolate +
Water bulrush +, water club-rush +, swaying bulrush +  and scirpe subterminal +
dorsiventrally flat +  and c-shaped or laterally compressed +
20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> (150 cm1,500 mm <br />1.5 m <br />) +
subcylindric +
0.5mm;1mm +
B.C. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Ala. +, Alaska +, Calif. +, Conn. +, Del. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Idaho +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mo. +, Mont. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Oreg. +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Utah +, Vt. +, Va. +, Wash. +  and Wis. +
10–2200 m +
hypogynous +  and subtending +
biconvex +  and trigonous +
Submerged to emergent in water to 1 m or sometimes terrestrial, fresh lakes, streams, bogs +
1-3 times branched or capitate or of 1 spikelet +
multi-ranked +, 2-ranked +, 3-ranked +  and alternate +
cauline +  and basal +
membranous +
curved +  and straight +
with (1-)3-6(-30) bristles and/or scales +
Fruiting summer. +
2-3(-4)-carpellate +
3 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
adventitious +
deciduous +
distinct +
basal +  and proximal +
2-keeled +
pinnate-fibrillose +
Illustrated +  and Endemic +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
septate +, hollow +  and solid +
compressed +, terete +  and trigonous +
papillate +
Schoenoplectus subterminalis +
Schoenoplectus sect. Malacogeton +
species +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
not +  and rhizomatous +
plant +  and mat-forming +