Selenicereus grandiflorus

(Linnaeus) Britton & Rose

Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 12: 430. 1909.

Common names: Queen- of-the-night reina de la noche
IntroducedIllustrated
Basionym: Cactus grandiflorus Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 1: 467. 1753
Synonyms: Cereus grandiflorus var. armatus (K. Schumann) L. D. Benson Selenicereus coniflorus (Weingart) Britton & Rose
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 4. Treatment on page 177. Mentioned on page 176.

Plants usually terrestrial and hemiepiphytic, sometimes epiphytic, clambering or vinelike. Roots terrestrial and adventitous. Stems green to bluish green, becoming purplish along ribs, to several m, 1–2.5 cm diam.; ribs 5–8, low; areoles usually 1–2 cm apart along ribs, 1–2 mm diam. Spines eventually deciduous, 6–18 per areole, whitish to brownish, ± bristlelike or short acicular, 4.5–12 (–15) mm, intermixed with long, whitish hairs; radial and central spines not distinguishable. Flowers 17.5–30 × 12.5–17.5 cm; outer tepals brown, orange, or lemon yellow, linear; inner tepals white, oblanceolate, apex acute; areoles of ovary and flower tube bearing long hairlike spines. Fruits pink to whitish, ovoid, 50–90 × 45–70 mm, covered with numerous hairlike spines. 2n = 22.


Phenology: Flowering year-round.
Habitat: Disturbed coastal sites
Elevation: 0-5 m

Distribution

V4 337-distribution-map.gif

Introduced; Fla., Mexico, West Indies

Discussion

Selenicereus grandiflorus is one of several species from diverse genera known by the common name queen-of-the-night. It is widely grown for its large, showy flowers and has escaped from cultivation in many areas. The species has been reported from Broward and St. Lucie counties, Florida, where it appears to be naturalized.

Selenicereus grandiflorus has been used in the preparation of a heart tonic similar to digitalis (E. F. Anderson 2001).

D. R. Hunt (1989) discussed problems with the typification of Selenicereus grandiflorus and suggested that the dozen or more species in section Selenicereus probably represent no more than three or four species, e.g., S. grandiflorus, S. pteranthus (Link & Otto) Britton & Rose, and S. hamatus (Scheidweiler) Britton & Rose. Myron Kimnach (pers. comm.) suggested that S. coniflorus should be treated under S. grandiflorus, either as a synonym or as a variety. As Hunt noted, this suite of taxa is in need of substantial work. Pending such investigation, it seems best not to recognize varieties of S. grandiflorus.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Selenicereus grandiflorus"
cushionlike +
circular to linear +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
deciduous +  and persistent +
orbicular +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Michael W. Hawkes +
(Linnaeus) Britton & Rose +
hardened +
Cactus grandiflorus +
triangular +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Conic (?) +, Acicular (?) +  and Hairlike (?) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
not distinguishable +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
proliferating +
flattened +  and cylindric +
Queen- of-the-night +  and reina de la noche +
mucilaginous +
Fla. +, Mexico +  and West Indies +
not separating +
17.5 cm175 mm <br />0.175 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
fragrant +
salverform +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
12.5 cm125 mm <br />0.125 m <br /> (17.5 cm175 mm <br />0.175 m <br />) +
pink;whitish +
indehiscent +  and dehiscent +
persistent +, long +  and deciduous +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br />) +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br />) +
4.5 cm45 mm <br />0.045 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
Disturbed coastal sites +
deciduous +
ascending +  and spreading +
oblanceolate +
deciduous +  and persistent +
rudimentary +
flat +  and terete +
nearly +  and microscopic +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
tuberculate +
fluted;spheric;depressed-spheric or club-shaped +
several +
deciduous +  and persistent +
Flowering year-round. +
mucilaginous +
ridgelike +  and nipple--shaped +
Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. +
prominent +
rounded +  and acute +
adventitous +
adventitious +
not conspicuous +
triangular +
arillate +  and strophiolate +
0.4mm;12mm +
ovoid;reniform +
0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Introduced +  and Illustrated +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
whitish +  and brownish +
straight +
deciduous +
pliable +  and more slender and flexible +
Numerous (?) +, 6 (?) +  and 18 (?) +
hairlike +  and acicular +
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
hard +  and rigid +
decurrent +
unsegmented +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br />) +
purplish +, green +  and bluish green +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br /> (500 cm5,000 mm <br />5 m <br />) +
cylindric +  and segmented +
slender +
succulent +
0.8cm;5cm +
white +  and yellowish +
tuberculate +
Cereus grandiflorus var. armatus +  and Selenicereus coniflorus +
adventitious +
tuberlike +
epipetric +  and epiphytic +
Selenicereus grandiflorus +
Selenicereus +
species +
dull +  and glossy +
plant +  and vinelike +
epiphytic;hemiepiphytic +
barrel-shaped +  and spheric +