Solidago arenicola

B. R. Keener & Kral

Sida 20: 1589, fig. 1. 2003.

Common names: Southern racemose goldenrod
Endemic
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 116. Mentioned on page 112, 117.

Plants 35–80 cm; rhizomes horizontal to ascending, short, this and its branches apically caudexlike, to 5 mm thick, mostly embedded in imbricate chaffy bases of older leaves. Stems 1–3, terete, shallowly multicostate, glabrous, sparsely to moderately hirtellous distally (arrays). Leaves: basal and proximal cauline winged-petiolate; blades mostly spatulate to oblanceolate, 100–150 × 15–32 mm, tapering, margins distally coarsely but shallowly serrate, apices acute to narrowly rounded, often narrowed to short, often brown callused tips; mid to distal cauline progressively more narrowly oblanceolate and acute, then to elliptic or lanceolate-elliptic, 35–60 × 6–10 mm, reduced distally, grading into widely ascending to spreading or reflexed bracts; faces abaxially pale, midnerves raised, deep green, level reticulum of branch nerves, margins entire, ciliate, adaxially deep green with only impressed midnerve evident. Heads 10–50 (1–5+ per branch), in racemiform or narrowly paniculiform arrays, mostly with primary branches widely to narrowly ascending, proximalmost usually longest. Peduncles stiffly, widely ascending, angulate, slightly compressed, stubby-bracteolate; bracts grading into phyllaries, sparsely hirtellous. Involucres turbinate, 8–12 mm. Phyllaries (in 3–4 series) 1–1.3 mm wide, unequal, pilose-ciliate; outer mostly green, oblong, blunt, inner spatulate or linear-oblanceolate. Ray-florets 6–10; laminae 3–4 mm. Disc-florets 11–14; corollas 6 mm, lobes ca. 2 mm. Cypselae cylindric to somewhat compressed-obconic, 1.5–4 mm, typically 5-ribbed, glabrous, abruptly narrowed to short “neck” surmounted by narrow, brownish pappus disc; pappi (white) 3–4 mm. 2n = 36.


Phenology: Flowering (Aug–)Sep–Oct.
Habitat: Mesic woods in deep sandy alluvium
Elevation: 100–200 m

Discussion

Solidago arenicola is known from the flood plain of the Locust Fork River, Blount County, Alabama. The Tennessee plants that have been treated as Solidago simplex var. racemosa are included here in this large-headed southern species. Further work is needed to confirm this placement.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"longest" is not a number.

... more about "Solidago arenicola"
not tailed +, rounded +  and obtuse +
distinct +
narrowed;acute;narrowly rounded +
subequal +
scarious +
usually triangular +  and linear +
usually deltate +  and lanceolate +
paniculiform +  and racemiform +
indeterminate +  and determinate +
John C. Semple +  and Rachel E. Cook +
B. R. Keener & Kral +
not persisting +
decurrent +
Humiles +
compound +  and simple +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
tapering;mostly spatulate;oblanceolate +
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (3.2 cm32 mm <br />0.032 m <br />) +
rugulose +  and muricate +
widely ascending +  and spreading or reflexed +
caudex-like +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
lanceolate-elliptic +  and elliptic +
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
acute +  and oblanceolate +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (?) +  and 1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
Southern racemose goldenrod +
not 2-lipped +  and actinomorphic +
yellow +  and white +
ampliate +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (?) +
narrowed +, compressed-obconic +  and cylindric to somewhat +
fertile +  and bisexual +
fertile +  and bisexual +
Ala. +  and Tenn. +
100–200 m +
resinous +
stipitate-glandular +, puberulent +, pilose +, glabrous +, glabrous or +  and sparsely densely scabrous strigillose or villous +
pistillate +, staminate +  and neuter +
winged +  and beaked +
dispersed +
Mesic woods in deep sandy alluvium +
indeterminate +
proximalmost +
heterogamous +  and homogamous +
each +  and sessile +
linear-oblanceolate +  and spatulate +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
winged-petiolate +
cauline +, proximal +  and basal +
erect;spreading +
triangular +  and narrowly lanceolate +
entire +  and serrate +
evident +, impressed +  and raised +
linear-lanceolate +  and oblong or ovate +
unequal +  and rarely subequal +
2-carpellate +
persistent +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
stubby-bracteolate +
compressed +  and angulate +
not persisting +
Flowering (Aug–)Sep–Oct. +
stipitate-glandular +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br />) +
ovate-oblanceolate +
bearing subulate enations +, hairy +  and bristly +
horizontal +  and ascending +
strigillose +  and glabrous +
8 +  and 10 +
exalbuminous +
multicostate +
decumbent +  and ascending or erect +
hirtellous +  and glabrous +
1 +  and 3 +
appendaged +  and truncate +
papillate +  and smooth +
Actipsis +, Aster subg. Solidago +, Leioligo +  and Oligoneuron +
Solidago arenicola +
Solidago subsect. Humiles +
species +
not persisting +
100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br /> (200 cm2,000 mm <br />2 m <br />) +
5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br /> (100 cm1,000 mm <br />1 m <br />) +