Symphyotrichum undulatum

(Linnaeus) G. L. Nesom

Phytologia 77: 293. 1995.

Common names: Wavyleaf aster
Endemic
Basionym: Aster undulatus Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 875. 1753
Synonyms: Aster asperifolius E. S. Burgess Aster baldwinii Torrey & A. Gray Aster claviger E. S. Burgess Aster corrigiatus E. S. Burgess Aster gracilescens E. S. Burgess Aster linguiformis E. S. Burgess Aster loriformis E. S. Burgess Aster mohrii E. S. Burgess Aster proteus E. S. Burgess Aster sylvestris E. S. Burgess Aster triangularis E. S. Burgess Aster truellius E. S. Burgess Aster undulatus var. diversifolius (Michaux) A. Gray Aster undulatus var. loriformis E. S. Burgess
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 20. Treatment on page 506. Mentioned on page 471, 500, 504.

Perennials, 30–160 cm, cespitose; short-rhizomatous or with branched, woody caudices. Stems 1–3+, erect (straight, brittle), hirtellous to glabrescent proximally to densely hirtellous distally. Leaves thin, margins scabrous, abaxial faces hirtellous, densely so on midveins, adaxial usually scabrous, sometimes strigose or hirsute, rarely glabrate; basal withering by flowering (sometimes new winter rosette developing), petiolate (petioles purplish, narrowly winged, bases dilated and sheathing, hirsute), blades oblong-ovate or ovate to widely ovate, (10–) 35–60 (–140) × (10–) 15–70 mm, bases usually cordate or subcordate to rounded, sometimes attenuate, margins shallowly crenate-serrate to subentire, apices obtuse or rounded, mucronulate; proximalmost cauline withering by flowering, proximal persistent, winged-petiolate, distally more widely winged or ± sessile, wings widening abruptly at strongly auriculate-clasping petiolar bases, blades ovate to lanceolate, 30–120 (–140) × (10–) 20–50 mm, reduced distally, bases cordate or auriculate-clasping (sessile), margins crenate-serrate or entire, apices acute or acuminate, mucronate; distal sessile, blades lanceovate to oblong or lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, sometimes pandurate (branch leaves ovate to lanceolate, sharply smaller), 4–100 × 0.5–26 mm, reduced distally, bases ± clasping, sheathing, margins serrulate or entire, apices acute or acuminate to long-acuminate. Heads in open, narrow to wide paniculiform arrays, branches widely spreading, divaricate to ascending, sometimes secund, ± densely leafy. Peduncles well developed, 0.3–3 (–5) cm, branches to 10 cm, spreading, bracteate, densely hirtellous to strigillose, bracts 3–10+, firm, appressed, subulate (2–3 mm), grading into phyllaries. Involucres campanulate to cylindro-campanulate, 3.8–5.5 mm. Phyllaries in 4–5 (–6) series, appressed or outer spreading, oblong-lanceolate (outer) to linear-oblanceolate (inner) or linear (innermost), strongly unequal, bases indurate 1/2–2/3, margins scarious, erose, hyaline, ciliolate, green zones diamond-shaped to lanceolate, apices acute to acuminate or obtuse, often ± involute, often mucronulate, sometimes tips purplish, abaxial faces hirsutulous, adaxial sparsely so distally. Ray-florets 12–16 (–25); corollas usually blue to purple, sometimes lilac, laminae 6–12 × 1.4–2.5 mm. Disc-florets 15–22 (–25); corollas cream or light yellow becoming purple, 4–5.8 mm, tubes slightly shorter than funnelform throats, lobes lanceolate, 0.5–0.9 mm. Cypselae dull purple to light-brown or tan, oblong-obovoid, compressed, 1.7–2.2 mm, 3–4-nerved, faces strigillose; pappi cream or rose-tinged, 3.5–5 mm. 2n = 16, 32.


Phenology: Flowering Aug–Oct.
Habitat: Dry or well-drained, loamy or rocky soils, open decidous woods, borders, clearings, dry hammocks, sandhills, open-wooded bluffs underlain by sandstone or limestone
Elevation: 200–1500 m

Distribution

V20-1130-distribution-map.gif

N.S., Ont., Ala., Conn., Del., D.C., Fla., Ga., Ill., Ind., Ky., La., Maine, Md., Mass., Miss., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va.

Discussion

Symphyotrichum undulatum is of conservation concern in Illinois and Nova Scotia. Hybridization with S. drummondii and S. oolentangiense has been by reported by A. G. Jones (1989), but some specimens so annotated represent phenotypic variation of S. undulatum. Symphyotrichum undulatum is sometimes confused with members of the S. patens complex due to its auriculate-clasping, more or less pandurifom cauline leaves.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"narrow to wide" is not a number."thin" is not a number.

... more about "Symphyotrichum undulatum"
hirsutulous +  and hirtellous +
glabrate +, hirsute +  and strigose +
not tailed +, rounded +  and obtuse +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
distinct +
35mm;60mm +
mucronulate;acute;acuminate or obtuse +
subequal +
scarious +
15mm +  and 70mm +
usually triangular +  and linear +
usually deltate +  and lanceolate +
paniculiform +  and open +
indeterminate +  and determinate +
narrow to wide +
Luc Brouillet +, John C. Semple +, Geraldine A. Allen +, Kenton L. Chambers +  and Scott D. Sundberg† +
(Linnaeus) G. L. Nesom +
mucronulate +
clasping +  and auriculate-clasping +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
cordate +, rounded +, obtuse +, shallowly crenate-serrate +  and subentire +
indurate +
15mm;70mm +
Aster undulatus +
12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br /> (14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
pandurate;lanceovate;oblong or lanceolate +
reduced +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (2.6 cm26 mm <br />0.026 m <br />) +
rugulose +  and muricate +
subulate +
bracteate +, paniculiform +  and open +
spreading;spreading +
densely hirtellous +  and strigillose +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
barbellulate +  and barbellate +
sessile +  and petiolate +
Wavyleaf aster +
not 2-lipped +  and actinomorphic +
light yellow becoming purple +, cream +, lilac +, usually blue +  and purple +
at maturity , more or less ampliate , tubes usually shorter +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.58 cm5.8 mm <br />0.0058 m <br />) +
beaked +, 2-ribbed +  and 5-ribbed +
purple +  and light-brown or tan +
strigillose +  and glabrous +
compressed +  and oblong-obovoid +
fertile +  and bisexual +
fertile +  and bisexual +
N.S. +, Ont. +, Ala. +, Conn. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Fla. +, Ga. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Ky. +, La. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Miss. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Vt. +, Va. +  and W.Va. +
200–1500 m +
strigillose +
pistillate +, staminate +  and neuter +
winged +  and beaked +
dispersed +
Dry or well-drained, loamy or rocky soils, open decidous woods, borders, clearings, dry hammocks, sandhills, open-wooded bluffs underlain by sandstone or limestone +
leafy +  and secund +
indeterminate +
heterogamous +  and homogamous +
each +  and sessile +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (2.2 cm22 mm <br />0.022 m <br />) +
campanulate;cylindro-campanulate +
0.38 cm3.8 mm <br />0.0038 m <br /> (0.55 cm5.5 mm <br />0.0055 m <br />) +
1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br /> (2.1 cm21 mm <br />0.021 m <br />) +
2 (?) +  and 5 (?) +
1.4mm;2.5mm +
sessile +  and petiolate +
cauline +  and basal +
decurrent +
reflexed;spreading;erect +
lanceolate +
entire +, serrulate +  and crenate-serrate +
6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br /> (14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br />) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
3.5 cm35 mm <br />0.035 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
rounded +, obtuse +, shallowly crenate-serrate +  and subentire +
15mm +  and 70mm +
2-carpellate +
rose-tinged +  and cream +
persistent +
25 +  and 40 +
0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
Flowering Aug–Oct. +
oblanceolate or spatulate +  and linear +
strongly unequal +  and subequal +
sessile +, winged +  and winged-petiolate +
styliferous +, neuter +  and pistillate +
bearing subulate enations +, hairy +  and bristly +
flat;slightly convex +
exalbuminous +
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
0.1mm;0.2mm +
branched +  and simple +
hirtellous +  and glabrescent +
1 +  and 3 +
appendaged +  and truncate +
papillate +  and smooth +
Aster asperifolius +, Aster baldwinii +, Aster claviger +, Aster corrigiatus +, Aster gracilescens +, Aster linguiformis +, Aster loriformis +, Aster mohrii +, Aster proteus +, Aster sylvestris +, Aster triangularis +, Aster truellius +, Aster undulatus var. diversifolius +  and Aster undulatus var. loriformis +
Symphyotrichum undulatum +
Symphyotrichum sect. Symphyotrichum +
species +
funnelform-campanulate +  and cylindric +
ampliate +
with branched , woody caudices +  and short-rhizomatous +
30 cm300 mm <br />0.3 m <br /> (160 cm1,600 mm <br />1.6 m <br />) +
tree +, shrub +  and subshrub +
widening +
diamond-shaped +  and lanceolate +