Tortula atrovirens

(Smith) Lindberg

Öfvers. Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad. Förh. 21: 236. 1864,.

Basionym: Grimmia atrovirens Smith in J. E. Smith et al., Engl. Bot. 28: plate 2015. 1809
Synonyms: Desmatodon californicus Lesquereux Desmatodon convolutus (Bridel) Grout
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 602. Mentioned on page 555, 571, 588, 589, 590, 592, 597.

Leaves ovate to lingulate, apex broadly acute to rounded, apiculate or mucronate, margins revolute or occasionally plane, often bordered proximally with rectangular cells usually hidden in the revolute margins; costa percurrent or ending in apiculus or short mucro, with an adaxial pad of swollen cells similar to those of the lamina, distally broad, (4–) 6 (–8) cells across adaxial surface; distal laminal cells subquadrate, 9–13 (–18) µm wide, µm, 1: 1; strongly papillose. Sexual condition autoicous. Sporophytes exerted. Seta 0.6–1.2 cm. Capsule stegocarpic, not systylius, cylindric to ellipsoidal, erect and nearly straight, urn 0.9–1.5 mm; peristome commonly 210–390 µm, teeth of 32 filaments, weakly twisted, occasionally rudimentary, basal membrane 40–50 µm; operculum 0.5–0.7 mm. Spores 15–18 µm, broadly ellipsoidal, nearly smooth.


Phenology: Capsules mature winter–spring.
Habitat: Exposed soil, volcanic ash, rock, often calcareous
Elevation: low to high elevations (0-2200 m)

Distribution

V27 866-distribution-map.gif

Alta., B.C., Ariz., Calif., Colo., Idaho, Minn., Nev., N.Mex., Tex., Utah, Mexico, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Atlantic Islands, Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia

Discussion

Tortula atrovirens has a massive pad of bulging cells covering the costa, and may be mistaken for a Crossidium, which, however, has a ventral pad of filaments. It is somewhat similar to T. obtusifolia, which also has weakly differentiated, smooth, somewhat elongate marginal cells, but that species of more mesic climates and more northern latitudes has spatulate leaves lacking an adaxial pad.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"um" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property."um" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Tortula atrovirens"
smooth +  and papillose +
smooth +  and papillose +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
channeled +, nearly flat +  and concave +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
of 1-2 rows +  and differentiated +
long-excurrent +  and short-excurrent +
broadly acute +  and rounded apiculate or mucronate +
Richard H. Zander +  and Patricia M. Eckel +
(Smith) Lindberg +
semicircular +  and elliptical +
semicircular +, elliptical +  and rounded +
papillose +  and smooth +
usually slightly wider +
usually ovate;oblong +
differentiated +
Grimmia atrovirens +
obovoid +
cucullate +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (?) +
not systylius +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
dark-brown +  and yellowish-brown +
cleistocarpous +  and stegocarpous +
cylindric;ellipsoidal +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
monoicous +, dioicous +  and sexual +
twisted +, vesiculose +  and thicker-walled +
1 +  and 3 +
swollen +  and rectangular +
tomentose +  and bare +
ending in apiculus or short mucro +  and percurrent +
subpercurrent +
autoicous +  and sexual +
Alta. +, B.C. +, Ariz. +, Calif. +, Colo. +, Idaho +, Minn. +, Nev. +, N.Mex. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Mexico +, South America +, Europe +, Asia +, Africa +, Atlantic Islands +, Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +, Pacific Islands (New Zealand) +  and Australia +
low to high elevations (0-2200 m) +
differentiated +
multicellular +
Exposed soil, volcanic ash, rock, often calcareous +
somewhat larger +
yellow +  and orange-red or red +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
concave;keeled;channeled;ovoid;lanceolate or lingulate +
spreading +  and appressed-incurved +
ovate +  and lingulate +
reduced +
serrulate +  and entire +
plane +  and revolute +
smaller +
rostrate;long-conic +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br />) +
differentiated +
photosynthetic +
simple +  and hollow +
4 +  and 6 +
lateral +  and terminal +
lateral +  and terminal +
red +, orange +  and yellow +
consisting of 16 mostly 2 times cleft spiculose striate or papillose lanceolate teeth , , , , +  and rudimentary +
Capsules mature winter–spring. +
Öfvers. Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad. Förh. +
straight +
not twisted +  and twisted +
brown;yellowish-brown +
elongate +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
2 +  and 1 +
orange +, red +, yellow +, laminal +  and light-brown +
ellipsoidal +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
rounded-pentagonal +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
Desmatodon californicus +  and Desmatodon convolutus +
Tortula atrovirens +
species +
ovoid;cylindric +
rudimentary +
32 (?) +  and 16 (?) +
triangular +
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
yellow distally and red +, orange +, red +  and yellow +
rectangular +
thickened +, thin +  and thicker +
stemless +  and perigoniate +
yellowbrown;dark-brown +
occasionally smaller than the perichaetiate +