Vaccinium myrtillus

Linnaeus

Sp. Pl. 1: 349. 1753,.

Common names: Whortleberry
Synonyms: Vaccinium myrtillus subsp. oreophilum (Rydberg) Á. Löve, D. Löve & B. M. Kapoor Vaccinium myrtillus var. oreophilum (Rydberg) Dorn Vaccinium oreophilum
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 8. Treatment on page 523. Mentioned on page 516, 521, 522.

Plants forming open colonies, 0.5–12 dm, rhizomatous; twigs green, conspicuously 3-angled, glabrous or minutely puberulent along grooves. Leaf-blades bright green, broadly elliptic or ovate, 19–27 × 7–11 mm, margins sharply serrate, surfaces laxly glandular abaxially. Flowers: calyx green, lobes ± recurved (or absent and margins of tube sinuate), deltate, 0.4–0.6 mm, glabrous; corolla pink, cream, or greenish white, globose, 3–5 × 5–7 mm, thin, glaucous; filaments glabrous. Berries purple-black or bluish black, rarely reddish or red, 7–9 mm diam. Seeds ca. 1 mm. 2n = 24, 48.


Phenology: Flowering late spring–summer.
Habitat: Heaths, montane heaths, boggy barrens, degraded meadows, open coniferous forests, oak parklands, disturbed or open birch woods, hummocky seepage slopes, moraines
Elevation: 0-2600 m

Distribution

V8 1017-distribution-map.gif

Greenland, Alta., B.C., Ariz., Colo., Idaho, Mont., Nev., N.Mex., Oreg., Utah, Wash., Europe, e Asia (Japan)

Discussion

Vaccinium myrtillus fruits are popular in Europe and are known to possess antioxidants and other compounds beneficial to vascular health. Berries in Europe are extensively harvested from wild stands. In North America, the fruits were used by the Kootenai, Carrier, Shuswap, and other native tribes. The small plant and fruit sizes create challenges for commercialization in North America.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

No values specified."entire" is not a number.

... more about "Vaccinium myrtillus"
epigynous +  and hypogynous +
Sam P. Vander Kloet +
Linnaeus +
conspicuous +
furrowed +  and smooth +
not flaky +
red +, reddish +, bluish black +  and purple-black +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
ovate;oblong-lanceolate or spatulate +
membranous;coriaceous +
Whortleberry +
greenish white +, cream +  and pink +
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
rotate to crateriform campanulate cylindric globose or urceolate +
Greenland +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Ariz. +, Colo. +, Idaho +, Mont. +, Nev. +, N.Mex. +, Oreg. +, Utah +, Wash. +, Europe +  and e Asia (Japan) +
0-2600 m +
undifferentiated +
fusiform +
unisexual +  and bisexual +
indehiscent +  and loculicidal +
ovoid;globose +
Heaths, montane heaths, boggy barrens, degraded meadows, open coniferous forests, oak parklands, disturbed or open birch woods, hummocky seepage slopes, moraines +
terminal +  and axillary +
1.9 cm19 mm <br />0.019 m <br /> (2.7 cm27 mm <br />0.027 m <br />) +
ovate;elliptic +
pseudoverticillate +  and alternate +
subpersistent +  and deciduous +
usually much shorter +
deltate +
shorter to longer +
? (?) +  and ? (?) +
10-locular +, pseudo +  and 4-5-locular +
parietal +, axile +  and placentation +
tenuinucellate +  and unitegmic +
epigynous +  and hypogynous +
red;cream;pink bronze or green +
reduced +
not sticky +
Flowering late spring–summer. +
4-5-carpellate +
2-10-flowered +
tan;yellowish-brown or brown +
distinct +
ellipsoid +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
procumbent +  and creeping +
creeping +, spreading +  and erect +
hairy +  and glabrous +
peltate +  and capitate +
straight +
brochidodromous +
hairy +  and glabrous +
Vaccinium myrtillus subsp. oreophilum +, Vaccinium myrtillus var. oreophilum +  and Vaccinium oreophilum +
Vaccinium myrtillus +
Vaccinium sect. Myrtillus +
species +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
puberulent +  and glabrous +
3-angled +
evergreen +, deciduous +  and perennial +
heterotrophic +, autotrophic +  and mycotrophic +
multicellular-hairy +