Vanilla mexicana

Miller

Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Vanilla no. 1. 1768.

Synonyms: Epidendrum vanilla Linnaeus Vanilla anaromatica Grisebach Vanilla aromatica Swartz Vanilla inodora Schiede Vanilla vanilla (Linnaeus) Britton
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 26. Treatment on page 509. Mentioned on page 508.

Roots usually 1 per node, aerial portions 1–2 mm diam. Stems occasionally branched, leafy, very slender, 2–3 mm diam., smooth. Leaves persistent; blade flat, elliptic to broadly ovate, longer than internodes, to 25 × 12 cm, leathery, apex acuminate; distal leaves smaller, proportionately narrower. Inflorescences axillary, several-flowered racemes, short-pedunculate, to 17 cm excluding peduncle; floral bracts foliaceous, ovate-elliptic, to 2.5 × 1.5 cm. Flowers: sepals and petals spreading, green, thick, rigid; sepals oblong-lanceolate to lanceolate-elliptic, to 6.5 × 2 cm, margins undulate, apex reflexed, acute; petals similar, abaxially keeled, slightly smaller; lip basally adnate to column for 5 mm, white with yellow crest, cuneate, to 5 × 3 cm when spread, distally 3-lobed, lateral lobes arching over column, rounded, margins involute, middle lobe broadly 3-angular, margins undulate, apex obtuse to rounded; disc with thick longitudinal crest, becoming 3-keeled toward apex, 5 mm wide, glabrous; column white, slender, 20–25 mm; pollinia yellow; pedicellate ovary to 5 cm. Berries cylindric, slender, to 27 cm.


Phenology: Flowering May–Jun.
Habitat: Cypress swamps, hammocks
Elevation: 0–20 m

Distribution

V26 1037-distribution-map.jpg

Fla., Mexico, West Indies, Central America (Guatemala), Central America (Nicaragua), South America

Discussion

Considerable confusion has swirled around the identity of Vanilla mexicana, including the notion that the epithet refers to the commercial vanilla, V. planifolia. Lectotypification of the Linnaean basionym, Epidendrum vanilla, has settled the matter (S. Cafferty and C. E. Jarvis 1999).

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"thick" is not a number.

... more about "Vanilla mexicana"
self-pollination +
obtuse +  and rounded +
James D. Ackerman +
Miller +
indehiscent +
cylindric +
slender +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (27 cm270 mm <br />0.27 m <br />) +
not +  and articulate +
conduplicate +  and plicate +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br />) +
elliptic +  and broadly ovate +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
semiterete +  and elongate +
slender +
20mm +  and 25mm +
ornamented +
3-keeled +
Fla. +, Mexico +, West Indies +, Central America (Guatemala) +, Central America (Nicaragua) +  and South America +
0–20 m +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
3-merous +, sessile +  and pedicellate +
Cypress swamps, hammocks +
sheathless +  and articulate +
persistent +
cauline +  and basal +
reduced +
leathery +  and fleshy +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
3-lobed +  and cuneate +
larger +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
undulate +
differing in form and color +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
1-many-flowered +  and cymose +
pendent +  and erect +
free +  and distinct +
smaller +
Flowering May–Jun. +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Gard. Dict. ed. +
short-pedunculate +  and several-flowered +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (17 cm170 mm <br />0.17 m <br />) +
gray-green +
aerial +  and subterranean +
villous +  and glabrous +
slender +
free +  and distinct +
oblong-lanceolate +  and lanceolate-elliptic +
not +  and alike +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br />) +
leafy +  and branched +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
pendent +  and erect +
proliferous +
slender +
succulent +
concave +  and convex +
Epidendrum vanilla +, Vanilla anaromatica +, Vanilla aromatica +, Vanilla inodora +  and Vanilla vanilla +
Vanilla mexicana +
species +
triangular +
annual +  and perennial +
hemiepiphytic +  and terrestrial +
saprophytic +, photosynthetic +  and mycotrophic +