familyEuphorbiaceae
genusAcalypha
speciesAcalypha alopecuroidea

Acalypha alopecuroidea

Jacquin

Collectanea 3: 196. 1791.

Geoffrey A. Levin
Common names: Foxtail copperleaf
Introduced
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 167. Mentioned on page 164.

Herbs, annual, 2–6 dm, monoecious. Stems erect, short-pubescent and stipitate-glandular. Leaves: petiole 0.5–7 cm, stipitate-glandular; blade ovate to broadly ovate, 2–8 × 1.5–5 cm, base rounded or subcordate, margins serrate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences unisexual, axillary (staminate) and terminal (pistillate); staminate peduncle 0.1–0.6 cm, stipitate-glandular, fertile portion 0.2–0.8 cm; pistillate peduncle 0.2–1 cm, stipitate-glandular, fertile portion 2–6 × 0.8–1.5 cm; allomorphic pistillate flowers common, terminal on pistillate or, rarely, staminate inflorescences. Pistillate bracts (normal flowers) crowded (inflorescence axis not visible between bracts), 8–12 × 3–4 mm, abaxial surface long-hirsute (hairs to 2 mm) and stipitate-glandular; lobes 3–5, proximally deltate with linear tips, 3/4 bract length, smooth; of allomorphic flowers absent. Pedicels of allomorphic flowers 5–15 mm. Pistillate flowers: pistil 3-carpellate (normal flowers), 1 (–2) -carpellate (allomorphic flowers); styles unbranched or rarely 2-fid. Capsules smooth, pubescent and stipitate-glandular or glabrate; allomorphic fruits obovoid, 1–1.5 × 0.9–1.2 mm, muricate, hirsute. Seeds 1–1.1 mm, minutely pitted.


Phenology: Flowering and fruiting late summer–fall.
Habitat: Disturbed areas.
Elevation: 0–40 m.

Distribution

V12 539-distribution-map.jpg

Introduced; Ala., Fla., La., Mexico, West Indies, Central America, n South America

Discussion

Acalypha alopecuroidea has been established in the United States since at least the 1950s.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"elongated" is not a number.No values specified."connate" is not a number. "distinct" is not a number.

... more about "Acalypha alopecuroidea"
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Abaxial surface pubescence
stipitate-glandular +  and long-hirsute +
Achene reproduction
allomorphic +
Adaxial gland prominence
inconspicuous +
Anther architecture
twisted +
Anther dehiscence
dehiscing +
Apex shape
acuminate +
Author
Geoffrey A. Levin +
Authority
Jacquin +
Base architecture or shape
pinnate +
Base shape
subcordate +  and rounded +
Blade length
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
Blade shape
ovate;broadly ovate +
Blade width
1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
Bract architecture
pistillate +
Bract arrangement
crowded +
Bract presence
absent +
Bract width
0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (?) +
Branch shape
thread-like +
Capsule architecture or pubescence or relief
smooth +
Capsule pubescence
glabrate +, stipitate-glandular +  and pubescent +
Caruncle presence
absent +
Caruncle prominence
rudimentary +
Common name
Foxtail copperleaf +
Cyme arrangement
fascicles +
Distribution
Ala. +, Fla. +, La. +, Mexico +, West Indies +, Central America +  and n South America +
Elevation
0–40 m. +
Flower architecture
pistillate +
Flower architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Flower position or structure subtype
terminal +
Flower presence
absent +
Flower quantity
common +
Flower reproduction
allomorphic +
Fruit dehiscence
septicidal +
Fruit length
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (?) +
Fruit pubescence
hirsute +
Fruit relief
muricate +
Fruit reproduction
allomorphic +
Fruit shape
obovoid +
Fruit width
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (?) +
Gland presence
absent +
Habitat
Disturbed areas. +
Hair architecture
unbranched +
Hair architecture or function or pubescence
glandular +
Hair presence
absent +
Hypanthium presence
absent +
Illustration copyright
Flora of North America Association +
Illustrator
Barbara Alongi +
Inflorescence architecture
staminate +  and pistillate +
Inflorescence position
axillary +
Inflorescence position or structure subtype
terminal +
Inflorescence reproduction
unisexual +
Introduced
true +
Laminar gland architecture
palmate +
Laminar gland presence
absent +
Latex presence
absent +
Leaf architecture
simple +
Leaf architecture or arrangement
fascicled +
Leaf arrangement
alternate +
Leaf duration
drought-deciduous +  and persistent +
Lobe quantity
3 (5) +
Lobe shape
deltate +
Margin architecture
palmate +  and pinnate +
Margin architecture or shape
serrate +
Margin shape
crenate +  and subentire +
Nectary presence
absent +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Ovary architecture or structure in adjective form
(1-)3-5(-20)-locular +
Ovary placentation
axile +
Ovary position
superior +
Ovule orientation
anatropous +
Ovule quantity
1 +
Pedicel presence
absent +
Pedicel quantity
allomorphic +, pistillate +  and staminate +
Pedicel some measurement
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Peduncle architecture
pistillate +  and staminate +
Peduncle pubescence
stipitate-glandular +
Peduncle some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
Perianth position
hypogynous +
Petal atypical quantity
5 (6) +
Petal fusion
connate;distinct +
Petal presence
absent +
Petal quantity
5 +
Petiole presence
absent +
Petiole pubescence
stipitate-glandular +
Petiole some measurement
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
Phenology
Flowering and fruiting late summer–fall. +
Pistil architecture
1(-2)-carpellate +  and 3-carpellate +
Pistil quantity
1 +
Pistillode presence
absent +
Portion length
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
Portion reproduction
fertile +
Portion some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
Portion width
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Publication title
Collectanea +
Publication year
1791 +
Reference
None +
Schizocarp reproduction
allomorphic +
Seed quantity
1 +
Seed relief
pitted +
Seed shape
ellipsoid +  and subglobose +
Seed some measurement
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.11 cm1.1 mm <br />0.0011 m <br />) +
Sepal architecture
not petaloid +
Sepal arrangement or dehiscence
valvate +
Sepal atypical some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Sepal fusion
distinct +
Sepal presence
absent +
Sepal quantity
3;4 +
Sepal some measurement
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Slit dehiscence or orientation
longitudinal +
Source xml
https://bibilujan@bitbucket.org/aafc-mbb/fna-fine-grained-xml.git/src/84153f6d59a0a91d69695978a64cee7560374f8e/V12/V12 539.xml +
Special status
Introduced +
Stamen atypical quantity
35 (1000) +
Stamen fusion
distinct +
Stamen quantity
4;8 +
Stem orientation
erect +
Stem pubescence
stipitate-glandular +  and short-pubescent +
Stigma quantity
1;32 +
Stipule duration
deciduous +  and persistent +
Stipule presence
absent +
Style architecture
unbranched +
Style atypical quantity
1 (3) +
Style fusion
connate +  and distinct +
Style quantity
3 +
Style shape
2-fid +
Subtending flower architecture
pistillate +
Subtending flower size
enlarging +
Taxon family
Euphorbiaceae +
Taxon name
Acalypha alopecuroidea +
Taxon parent
Acalypha +
Taxon rank
species +
Thyrse shape
spikelike +
Tip arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Tip quantity
3/4 +
Volume
Volume 12 +
Whole organism architecture
unarmed +
Whole organism duration
annual +
Whole organism growth form
herb +
Whole organism reproduction
monoecious +
Whole organism some measurement
2dm (6dm) +
X chromosome quantity
10 +