Aegilops cylindrica

Host
Common names: Jointed goatgrass
Introduced
Synonyms: Triticum cylindricum Cylindropyrum cylindricum
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 263.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Cindy Roché

Copyright: Utah State University

Culms 14-50 cm, erect to decumbent at the base, usually with many tillers. Sheaths with hyaline margins, sometimes ciliate; blades 3-15 cm long, 2-5 mm wide. Spikes 2.2-12 cm long, about 0.3 cm wide, narrowly cylindrical, 10-45 times longer than wide, with (2) 3-8 (12) fertile spikelets; rudimentary spikelets absent or 1-2; disarticulation initially at the base of the spikes and secondarily in the rachises, the spikelets remaining attached to the internodes above. Fertile spikelets 9-12 mm, narrowly cylindrical, scabrous or pubescent, with 3-5 florets, the lower (1) 2-3 florets fertile. Glumes of fertile spikelets awned, awns of the lower spikelets 2-5 mm; glumes of apical spikelets 7-9 mm, scabrid, awned, awns 3-6 cm, usually flanked by 2 lateral teeth; lemmas of lower fertile spikelets 9-10 mm, adaxial surfaces velutinous distally, apices mucronate or awned, awns 0.1-0.5 cm; lemmas of apical spikelets 1-awned, awns (2) 4-8 cm, flanked by 2 teeth. Caryopses 6-7 mm, adhering to the lemmas and paleas. Haplomes DC. 2n = 28.

Distribution

Wash., W.Va., Wyo., N.Mex., Tex., La., Tenn., N.Y., Pa., Nev., Va., Colo., Idaho, Mont., Oreg., Calif., Ala., Kans., N.Dak., Nebr., Okla., S.Dak., Ark., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ariz., Ohio, Utah, Mo., Mich., Ky.

Discussion

Aegilops cylindrica is a widespread weed in North America, being particularly troublesome in winter wheat. It usually grows in disturbed sites, such as roadsides, fields, and along railroad tracks. It is native to the Mediterranean region and central Asia, and is adventive in other temperate countries. Its apparent absence from Canada is somewhat remarkable.

Hybrids between Aegilops cylindrica and Triticum aestivum, called xAegilotriticum sancti-andreae (Degen) Soo [p. 266], have been found in various parts of North America. They often have a few functional seeds which, on maturing into reproductive plants, can backcross to either parent. For this reason, A. cylindrica is considered a serious weed in many wheat-growing areas within the Flora region.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number."-2(3)timesthelengthof" is not declared as a valid unit of measurement for this property.

... more about "Aegilops cylindrica"
membranous +  and scarious +
not penicillate +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
awned +  and mucronate +
indurate +
Sandra M. Saufferer +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (?) +
basal +  and apical +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (8 cm80 mm <br />0.08 m <br />) +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
not evident +
linear +  and linear-lanceolate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
spikelike +
hairy +  and glabrous +
Jointed goatgrass +
not branching +
erect +  and decumbent +
geniculate +
14 cm140 mm <br />0.14 m <br /> (50 cm500 mm <br />0.5 m <br />) +
not woody +
Wash. +, W.Va. +, Wyo. +, N.Mex. +, Tex. +, La. +, Tenn. +, N.Y. +, Pa. +, Nev. +, Va. +, Colo. +, Idaho +, Mont. +, Oreg. +, Calif. +, Ala. +, Kans. +, N.Dak. +, Nebr. +, Okla. +, S.Dak. +, Ark. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Ariz. +, Ohio +, Utah +, Mo. +, Mich. +  and Ky. +
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
3 +  and 5 +
laterally compressed +  and terete +
shorter than to longer than the adjacent florets +
subtending +
pubescent +  and scabrous +
rounded +, ovate +  and rectangular +
unequal +
uncinate +
solid +  and hollow +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
rounded +
stiffly membranous +  and coriaceous +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
lanceolate +
fleshy +  and membranous +
5 (?) +  and 1 (?) +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 4 +
2 +  and 1 +
hairy +  and glabrous +
well-developed +
slightly longer +
2-keeled +
subequal +
dry +  and fleshy +
spikelike +
Introduced +
2.2 cm22 mm <br />0.022 m <br /> (?) +  and 12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br /> (?) +
cylindrical +
subsessile +  and sessile +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
pubescent +  and scabrous +
cylindrical +
0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
not papillate +
Triticum cylindricum +  and Cylindropyrum cylindricum +
Aegilops cylindrica +
Aegilops +
species +
membranous +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +