Agrostis canina

L.
Common names: Velvet bent Agrostide des chiens
Introduced
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 643.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Sandy Long

Copyright: Utah State University

Plants perennial; appearing loosely cespitose and forming a rather closed turf, stoloniferous, stolons to 25 cm, slender, leafy, weakly rooting and eventually producing tufts of shoots at the nodes, without rhizomes. Culms 15-75 cm, erect, frequently geniculate at the base, sometimes weakly rooting at the lower nodes, with 2-4 (6) nodes. Leaves basal and cauline; sheaths usually smooth, sometimes scabrous distally; ligules 1-4 mm, dorsal surfaces scabridulous, apices truncate to obtuse or acute, erose-lacerate; blades 1-10 cm long, 1-3 mm wide, usually flat, sometimes involute, usually scabrous, apices acute. Panicles 3-10 cm long, 1-7 cm wide, open, often lax, lanceolate to broadly ovate, lowest node with 3-7 branches; branches more or less scabrous, erect to spreading, usually branched above midlength, spikelet-bearing in the distal 1/3, patent at anthesis, lower branches 3-5 cm; pedicels (0.4) 1-3 mm. Spikelets lanceolate or narrowly oblong, brownish yellow to purplish or rarely greenish. Glumes subequal, 1.7-3 mm, 1-veined, scabrous only on the distal part of the midveins, acute; callus hairs to 0.1 mm; lemmas 1-2 mm, about 2/3 the length of the glumes, bases minutely pubescent, otherwise glabrous, translucent to opaque, 5-veined, veins prominent or obscure, apices acute to obtuse, entire, usually awned from near the base, awns to 5 mm, geniculate, rarely unawned, awned and unawned lemmas sometimes mixed within the panicle; paleas absent, or to about 0.2 mm and thin; anthers 3, 1-1.5 mm, at least 1/2 as long as the lemmas. Caryopses 0.8-1.2 mm; endosperm solid. 2n = 14.

Distribution

Maine, Conn., Mass., N.H., N.Y., R.I., N.J., Del., Md., W.Va., Pa., Minn., Mich., Tenn., Pacific Islands (Hawaii), Vt., Oreg., Greenland, N.B., Nfld. and Labr., N.S., P.E.I., Que.

Discussion

Agrostis canina is a Eurasian species that is now established in both western and eastern North America, where it grows on roadsides and open ground in summer-cool climates. It is used for fine-textured lawns and golf greens. Similar to A. vinealis (see next), it may be differentiated from that species by its creeping, leafy stolons that form a dense carpet, and the finer, softer texture of its leaves. Unawned plants have been called A. canina var. mutica G. Sinclair.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Agrostis canina"
membranous +  and scarious +
1/2 +  and 3 +
not penicillate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
awned +  and entire +
acute +  and obtuse +
M.J. Harvey +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
straight +
basal +  and terminal +
geniculate +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
rounded +  and keeled +
translucent +  and opaque +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
not evident +
scabridulous +
cross +, linear +  and narrowly lanceolate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
patent;erect;spreading +
spikelike +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br />) +
hairy +  and glabrous +
Velvet bent +  and Agrostide des chiens +
geniculate +
15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br /> (75 cm750 mm <br />0.75 m <br />) +
not woody +
Maine +, Conn. +, Mass. +, N.H. +, N.Y. +, R.I. +, N.J. +, Del. +, Md. +, W.Va. +, Pa. +, Minn. +, Mich. +, Tenn. +, Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +, Vt. +, Oreg. +, Greenland +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. +, N.S. +, P.E.I. +  and Que. +
1/4 +  and 1/3 +
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
sterile +  and bisexual +
compressed +
reduced +
(1)1.3-2(4) times longer than +
subtending +
subequal +
0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
uncinate +
diffuse +  and dense +
cauline +  and basal +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
warty-tuberculate +  and scabridulous +
lanceolate +  and ovate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
membranous +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
lanceolate +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.03 cm0.3 mm <br />3.0e-4 m <br />) +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 4 +
2 +  and 1 +
well-developed +
2-keeled +
minute +  and subequal +
3cm +  and 10cm +
lanceolate +  and broadly ovate +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (7 cm70 mm <br />0.07 m <br />) +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (?) +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
not prolonged +
hairy +  and glabrous +
scabrous +  and scabridulous +
Introduced +
brownish yellow +  and purplish or rarely greenish +
1 +  and 60 +
oblong +  and lanceolate +
0.12 cm1.2 mm <br />0.0012 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
rooting +  and leafy +
slender +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (25 cm250 mm <br />0.25 m <br />) +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Gramineae +
Agrostis canina +
Agrostis +
species +
membranous +
2 (?) +  and 5 (?) +
not convergent +
obscure +  and prominent +
scabrous +  and scabridulous +
stoloniferous +  and rhizomatous +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +