Atrichum crispum

(James) Sullivant in A. Gray

in A. Gray, Manual ed. 2, 641. 1856,.

Basionym: Catharinea crispa James Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 445. 1855
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 151. Mentioned on page 147, 148, 149, 150.

Plants small to moderately robust, yellowish green or rarely dark green, brown proximally with age. Stems 1–5 cm. Leaves 1–8.5 × 0.7–2 mm, ovatelanceolate to ovate, sometimes lingulate to lanceolate near stem apex, plane to somewhat concave, not undulate, only rarely with scattered abaxial teeth, apex acute, border cells and teeth with minute, verrucose or striate papillae; costa percurrent to subpercurrent, with a few abaxial teeth near apex, rarely absent; lamellae 0–3 (–4), often discontinuous, 1–4 cells high; median leaf cells 35–52 µm wide, hexagonal to irregularly angled, rarely rounded, thin-walled, not or weakly collenchymatous, without trigones, smooth. Sexual condition dioicous, male plants as large as female plants or larger; perigonial bracts ovate to suborbicular, forming antheridial buds, often more than one bud per plant. Seta 1–3 per perichaetium, 0.5–3 cm. Capsule 1–3.5 × 0.5–1 mm, cylindric to ovate, usually somewhat curved, erect or often inclined; operculum 1.5–3.5 mm. Spores 10–28 µm.


Phenology: Capsules mature spring–summer (Apr–June).
Habitat: Sandy soil along streams, roadside ditches in shaded habitats, sometimes at margins of swamps and marshes, rarely on rotting logs in woods
Elevation: low to moderate elevations

Distribution

V27 186-distribution-map.gif

N.B., Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.), N.S., Ont., P.E.I., Que., Conn., Del., Fla., Ill., Ind., Iowa, Ky., Maine, Md., Mass., Mich., Mo., N.H., N.J., N.Y., N.C., Ohio, Pa., R.I., S.C., Tenn., Vt., Va., W.Va., in Europe

Discussion

Atrichum crispum is frequent in the Atlantic coastal plain but also occurs at higher elevations in the mountains. It is apparently introduced in Europe (Ireland, western England, Wales, and Spain) where only male plants are known. This is a dioicous species, the plants varying in size from small to large, often yellowish green, leaves with a few low and often interrupted lamellae, and large, thin-walled leaf cells without trigones, with few or no teeth on the abaxial surface of lamina. The most distinctive microscopic character is the minute, verrucose or striate papillae on the marginal cells and teeth of the leaves (R. R. Ireland 1991). The marginal cilia on the leaf sheath of Bartramiopsis are similarly papillose.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"broadened" is not a number."narrower" is not a number.

... more about "Atrichum crispum"
prominent +
Gary L. Smith Merrill +  and Robert R. Ireland Jr. +
(James) Sullivant in A. Gray +
Catharinea crispa +
straight;arcuate +
abrupt +, crisped +  and undulate +
firm-textured +
striate +  and verrucose +
overlapping +
striate +  and verrucose +
monoicous +, dioicous +, sexual +  and vegetative +
elongate-rectangular +
sparsely ciliate;smooth +
hispid +  and smooth +
cucullate +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
inclined;erect +
cylindric +  and ovate +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
subpercurrent +
toothed +
undifferentiated +
conspicuous +
N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. (Nfld.) +, N.S. +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Conn. +, Del. +, Fla. +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Ky. +, Maine +, Md. +, Mass. +, Mich. +, Mo. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, N.C. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, R.I. +, S.C. +, Tenn. +, Vt. +, Va. +, W.Va. +  and in Europe +
low to moderate elevations +
scabrous +, mammillose +  and smooth +
Sandy soil along streams, roadside ditches in shaded habitats, sometimes at margins of swamps and marshes, rarely on rotting logs in woods +
delimited +  and indistinct +
photosynthetic +
1 +  and 4 +
serrate +, crenulate +  and serrulate +
long-rectangular +
toothed +  and undulate +
collenchymatous +  and thin-walled +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.85 cm8.5 mm <br />0.0085 m <br />) +
not undulate +, concave +, plane to somewhat +, lingulate +  and lanceolate +
membranous +
0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
1(-3)-stratose +
cuticular-papillose +  and smooth +
toothed +, serrate +, denticulate +  and entire +
shape +  and size +
with minute rounded to striate papillae +  and smooth +
synoicous +, polygamous +, dioicous +  and sexual +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (?) +  and 0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br /> (?) +
usually narrower and longer +
ovate +  and suborbicular +
pigmented +  and pale +
Capsules mature spring–summer (Apr–June). +
in A. Gray, Manual ed. +
underground +
not differentiated +
straight +  and flexuose +
1 +  and 3 +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
differentiated +
larger +  and minute +
branched +  and simple +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
Atrichum crispum +
Atrichum +
species +
compound +  and simple +
unjointed +
striate +  and verrucose +
brown +, dark green +  and yellowish green +
male +  and dioicous +
larger +  and small +