Azolla filiculoides

Lamarck in Lamarck et al.

in Lamarck et al.,Encycl. 1: 343. 1783.

Illustrated
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 2. Treatment on page 341.

Plants green to yellowish green or dark red, with 2 growth stages; plants fertile only in mature stage, generally in late spring. Stems prostrate when immature, 1–3 cm, internodes elongate to 5 mm, becoming nearly erect to 5 cm or more when mature and crowded. Hairs on upper leaf lobes strictly unicellular. Megaspores warty with raised angular bumps, each with a tangle of filaments.


Habitat: Stagnant and slow-moving waters.

Distribution

V2 164-distribution-map.gif

B.C., Ariz., Calif., Oreg., Wash., Mexico, Central America, Europe, ne Asia, s Africa, Pacific Islands in Hawaii

Discussion

Azolla filiculoides is cold tolerant, surviving even in fragmented parts under thin ice. It usually reaches a climax population in late spring, becomes fertile, collapses, and is replaced by other more heat-tolerant aquatics such as Lemna spp. Hybrids between this species (male) and A. microphylla Kaulfuss (female), a species of Central America, South America, and the West Indies, have been reported (Do V. C. et al. 1989). V. M. Bates and E. T. Browne (1981) reported A. filiculoides from Georgia, far removed from its main range in western North America. The most likely explanation is that the plants represent escapes from horticulture.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Azolla filiculoides"
Thomas A. Lumpkin +
Lamarck in Lamarck et al. +
arrowlike +
cup-shaped +
B.C. +, Ariz. +, Calif. +, Oreg. +, Wash. +, Mexico +, Central America +, Europe +, ne Asia +, s Africa +  and Pacific Islands in Hawaii +
Stagnant and slow-moving waters. +
1(-2)-celled +
imbricate +  and alternate +
0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
slightly larger +
topped +  and spheric +
0.02 cm0.2 mm <br />2.0e-4 m <br /> (0.06 cm0.6 mm <br />6.0e-4 m <br />) +
64 (?) +, 32 (?) +  and 130 (?) +
umbonate +  and globose +
in Lamarck et al.,Encycl. +
bates1981a +  and duncan1940a +
translucent;brown +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
Illustrated +
polyreniform +  and reniform +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br />) +
Azolla filiculoides +
species +
reddish +  and greenish +
photosynthetic +
green;yellowish green or dark red +