Bellardia trixago
Fl. Pedem. 1: 61. 1785.
Stems simple or with few ascending branches, (5–) 10–70 cm, retrorsely short-strigose. Leaves 12–22 pairs, ascending or divaricate, antrorsely short-strigose, glandular-hairy; blade oblong-lanceolate or linear, (10–) 14–90 [–95] x 2–20 mm, margins green, apex acute. Spikelike racemes 1–14 cm; flowers 2–16 (–25) pairs, dense, not interrupted proximally, glandular-hairy; peduncle absent; bracts foliaceous, 8–23 x 3–11 mm, margins of proximal bracts moreorless coarsely dentate, margins of distal bracts moreorless entire. Pedicels 1–2 mm, hairy. Flowers: calyx tubular, 7–9 mm, tube 4–6 mm, hairy or glandular-hairy, lobes unequal, triangular, 0.5–7 x 2–4 mm, herbaceous, margins entire, apex acute, glandular-hairy; corolla white with purple galea, 18–25 (–30) mm, sparsely glandular-hairy externally, throat with 2 inflated lines between lateral and central lobes, abaxial lobes spreading, adaxial projecting; stamens included, pollen-sacs yellow, 2–2.5 mm, mucronate distally, brownish villous proximally, scarcely hairy distally, dehiscing longitudinally in distal 3/4–4/5; style 14–20 mm, puberulent; stigma clavate, capitate, or moreorless 2-lobed. Capsules 7–10 x 4.5–8 mm, setose or villous, some hairs glandular. Seeds 0.5–1 mm, longitudinally ridged or smooth. 2n = 24 (Spain).
Phenology: Flowering Mar–Jun.
Habitat: Disturbed grasslands, roadsides, fields, serpentine grasslands.
Elevation: 0–900 m.
Distribution
Introduced; Calif., La., Tex., Europe, n Africa, also in s South America, w Asia, s Africa, Atlantic Islands (Canary Islands), s Australia
Discussion
Although known in California since at least 1889 (Greene s.n., 1889, UC), Bellardia trixago has appeared in the southeastern United States much more recently. First collected in Texas in 1970, B. trixago was documented in Louisiana in 2007, its easternmost locality in the flora area, and it seems to be moving eastward and southeastward more quickly than northward (J. R. Singhurst et al. 2012). Bellardia trixago rarely forms dense populations in the flora area.
Selected References
None.