Bischofia javanica

Blume

Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 17: 1168. 1827.

IntroducedIllustrated
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 12. Treatment on page 330. Mentioned on page 331.

Trees, to 15 [–40] m; buttresses often present; heartwood, bark, and sap red. Leaves: stipules subulate, 5–10 mm; petiole 3–22 cm; petiolules present, that of terminal leaflet to 6.5 cm; leaflets usually elliptic, rarely obovate, 4–15 × 2–10 cm, base cuneate, margins with basal teeth sometimes glandular, surfaces glabrous. Inflorescences erect in flower, pendent, to 32 cm, in fruit. Pedicels: staminate to 2.6 mm; pistillate to 11 mm in fruit, abscission zone near midpoint. Staminate flowers red in bud, yellow at anthesis, 2.5 mm diam.; sepals becoming reflexed, ovate, concave, 1.2 mm, nearly as wide; filaments 0.5 mm; anthers yellow, 1 mm. Pistillate flowers 2–3 × 1.5–2 mm; sepals ovate, 2–4 × 1 mm; staminodes to 0.5 mm; ovary green; styles 0.7 mm; stigmas erect in flower, spreading or reflexed in fruit, whitish, linear, to 5 mm. Drupes dark red to brown, 8–10 × 7–10 mm. Seeds oblong or curved, 4 × 3 × 3 mm. 2n = 196.


Phenology: Flowering Feb–Apr; fruiting Jul–Nov.
Habitat: Flatwoods, dry prairies, hardwood hammocks, strand swamps, disturbed areas.
Elevation: 0–50 m.

Distribution

V12 415-distribution-map.jpg

Introduced; Fla., s, e Asia, Pacific Islands, Australia, also in s, e Africa

Discussion

Bischofia javanica is invasive from southern Florida to Pinellas County; it is cultivated sporadically north to Alachua County.

Once promoted as a fast-growing ornamental and street tree, Bischofia javanica frequently colonizes cultivated ground, sprouting among shrubs and hedges; it also invades natural areas. In addition to its potential to displace native vegetation in Florida, B. javanica serves as host to a variety of destructive leaf spot diseases and insect pests, especially scales (J. F. Morton 1984). Pouchlike domatia inhabited by mites can sometimes be found in the angles of major veins on abaxial leaf surfaces (S. A. Rozario 1995). Bischofia javanica is also cultivated in southern California, where it has shown no invasive tendencies.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Bischofia javanica"
adnate +  and distinct +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (?) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
W. John Hayden +
cuneate +
Fla. +, s +, e Asia +, Pacific Islands +, Australia +, also in s +  and e Africa +
dark red;brown +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
0–50 m. +
pistillate +  and staminate +
yellow +  and red +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (?) +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Flatwoods, dry prairies, hardwood hammocks, strand swamps, disturbed areas. +
not branching +  and simple +
paniculate +  and racemose +
pendent +  and erect +
paniclelike +  and racemelike +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (32 cm320 mm <br />0.32 m <br />) +
deciduous +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (15 cm150 mm <br />0.15 m <br />) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
pistillate +  and staminate +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
distinct +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (22 cm220 mm <br />0.22 m <br />) +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (6.5 cm65 mm <br />0.065 m <br />) +
Flowering Feb–Apr +  and fruiting Jul–Nov. +
3(-4)-carpellate +
peltate +  and short-stipitate +
Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (?) +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (?) +
1 +  and 2 +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (?) +
deciduous +
distinct +
ovate;concave;ovate +
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (?) +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
Introduced +  and Illustrated +
free +, connate +  and distinct +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
reflexed +, spreading +  and erect +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br />) +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (?) +
Microelus +  and Stylodiscus +
Bischofia javanica +
Bischofia +
species +
1,500 cm15,000 mm <br />15 m <br /> (4,000 cm40,000 mm <br />40 m <br />) +
evergreen +, deciduous +, annual +  and perennial +
glabrate +  and hairy +
monoecious +  and dioecious +
abscission +