Bouteloua eriopoda

(Torr.) Torr.
Common names: Black grama
Synonyms: Chondrosum eriopodum
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 25. Treatment on page 262.

Plants perennial; often shortly rhizomatous, stoloniferous, stolons long, densely woolly-pubescent. Culms 20-60 (75) cm, wiry, decumbent, rooting at the lower nodes; lower internodes densely woolly-pubescent. Sheaths mostly glabrous or sparsely pilose, usually pilose near the ligules; ligules 0.1-0.4 mm, of hairs; blades 2.5-6 cm long, 0.5-2 mm wide, scabrous adaxially, margins with papillose-based hairs basally. Panicles (1) 2-16 cm, with (1) 2-8 branches; branches 14-50 mm, persistent, densely woolly-pubescent basally, with 8-18 spikelets, axes terminating in entire, sometimes scarious apices; disarticulation above the glumes. Spikelets pectinate, with 1 bisexual floret and 1 rudimentary floret. Glumes unequal, smooth or scabrous; lower glumes 2-4.5 mm; upper glumes 4.5-8 (9) mm, glabrous, scabrous, or with hairs, hairs to 0.5 mm, not papillose-based; lower lemmas 4-7 mm, pubescent basally, glabrous or sparsely puberulent distally, acuminate, central awns 0.5-4 mm, lateral awns absent or shorter than 1 mm; lower paleas acuminate, unawned; anthers 1.5-3 mm, yellow to orange; rachilla segment to second florets about 2 mm, with a distal tuft of hairs; upper florets rudimentary, an awn column terminating in 3 awns of 4-9 mm. Caryopses 2.5-3 mm. 2n = 20, 21, 28.

Distribution

Kans., Okla., Colo., N.Mex., Tex., Utah, Calif., Wyo., Ariz., Nev.

Discussion

Bouteloua eriopoda grows on dry plains, foothills, and open forested slopes, often in shrubby habitats, and also in waste ground. It is usually found between 1000-1800 m, but extends to 2500 m. Once a dominant in much of its range, under heavy grazing B. eriopoda persists only where protected by shrubs or cacti because it is highly palatable. Its range extends from the southwestern United States to northern Mexico.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Bouteloua eriopoda"
28 +, 21 +  and 20 +
yellow +  and orange +
1 +  and 3 +
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
scarious +
J.K. Wipff +
(Torr.) Torr. +
1 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
well-developed +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
not fused +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
swelling +
membranous +
not pseudopetiolate +
2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
usually linear +  and lanceolate occasionally ovate +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
subdigitate +  and digitate +
75 cm750 mm <br />0.75 m <br /> (?) +
persistent +
woolly-pubescent +
spikelike +
1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br /> (5 cm50 mm <br />0.05 m <br />) +
not woody +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
triangular +  and dome--shaped +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
sometimes longer +
membranous +
Black grama +
rooting +  and wiry +
ascending +  and erect +
20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br /> (60 cm600 mm <br />0.6 m <br />) +
not woody +
Kans. +, Okla. +, Colo. +, N.Mex. +, Tex. +, Utah +, Calif. +, Wyo. +, Ariz. +  and Nev. +
not waisted +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
4-lobed +  and trilobed +
sometimes longer +
round +  and compressed +
reduced +
shorter or longer +
subtending +
both +  and 1 +
acuminate +  and acute +
unequal +
not papillose-based +  and papillose-based +
uncinate +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br />) +
paniculate +  and racemose +
hollow +  and solid +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
not absent +
5-veined +, 7-13-veined +  and 1-3-veined +
sometimes longer +
0.01 cm0.1 mm <br />1.0e-4 m <br /> (0.04 cm0.4 mm <br />4.0e-4 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br />) +
puberulent +, glabrous +  and pubescent +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
2 cm20 mm <br />0.02 m <br /> (16 cm160 mm <br />0.16 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
spikelike +
elongate +
flabellate +
pilose +  and glabrous +
sessile +  and subsessile +
8 +  and 18 +
pectinate +
1 +  and 3 +
compound +  and simple +
woolly-pubescent +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Chondrosum eriopodum +
Bouteloua eriopoda +
Bouteloua subg. Chondrosum +
species +
membranous +
0.45 cm4.5 mm <br />0.0045 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
7 (?) +  and 13 (?) +
extended +
stoloniferous +  and rhizomatous +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +