Bromus arvensis

L.
Common names: Field brome
Introduced
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 228.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Cindy Roché

Copyright: Utah State University

Plants annual. Culms 80-110 cm, erect. Lower sheaths with dense, soft, appressed hairs; ligules 1-1.5 mm, hairy, obtuse, erose; blades 10-20 cm long, 2-6 mm wide, coarsely pilose on both surfaces. Panicles 11-30 cm long, 4-20 cm wide, open, erect or nodding; branches usually longer than the spikelets, ascending to widely spreading, slender, slightly curved or straight. Spikelets 10-25 mm, lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed, often purple-tinged; florets 4-10, bases concealed or visible at maturity; rachilla internodes concealed or visible at maturity. Glumes glabrous; lower glumes 4-6 mm, 3-veined; upper glumes 5-8 mm, 5-veined; lemmas 7-9 mm long, 1.1-1.5 mm wide, lanceolate, obscurely 7-veined, rounded over the midvein, glabrous, coriaceous, margins slightly angled, inrolled or not at maturity, apices acute, bifid, teeth shorter than 1 mm; awns 6-11 mm, straight, arising at varying distances below the lemma apices; anthers 2.5-5 mm. Caryopses shorter than the paleas, weakly to strongly inrolled. 2n = 14.

Distribution

Conn., N.J., N.Y., Wash., Del., D.C., Wis., W.Va., Mass., Maine, N.H., R.I., Vt., Fla., Wyo., N.Mex., Tex., La., Tenn., N.C., S.C., Pa., Nev., Va., Colo., Md., Calif., Ala., Kans., N.Dak., Nebr., Okla., S.Dak., Miss., Ark., Ill., Ga., Ind., Iowa, Ariz., Idaho, Alta., B.C., Man., Ont., Que., Sask., Mont., Oreg., Ohio, Utah, Mo., Minn., Mich., Ky.

Discussion

Bromus arvensis grows along roadsides and in fields and waste places at scattered locations in the Flora region. It is native to southern and south-central Europe.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Bromus arvensis"
membranous +  and scarious +
0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Leon E. Pavlickf +
divaricate +
3 (?) +  and 0 (?) +
straight +
distinct +
subterminal +  and terminal +
geniculate +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
keeled +  and rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
visible +  and concealed +
swelling +
10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
not evident +
cross +, linear +  and narrowly lanceolate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
straight +  and curved +
usually longer +
ascending;widely spreading +
spikelike +
slender +
Field brome +
not branching +
80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br /> (110 cm1,100 mm <br />1.1 m <br />) +
not woody +
Conn. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, Wash. +, Del. +, D.C. +, Wis. +, W.Va. +, Mass. +, Maine +, N.H. +, R.I. +, Vt. +, Fla. +, Wyo. +, N.Mex. +, Tex. +, La. +, Tenn. +, N.C. +, S.C. +, Pa. +, Nev. +, Va. +, Colo. +, Md. +, Calif. +, Ala. +, Kans. +, N.Dak. +, Nebr. +, Okla. +, S.Dak. +, Miss. +, Ark. +, Ill. +, Ga. +, Ind. +, Iowa +, Ariz. +, Idaho +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Man. +, Ont. +, Que. +, Sask. +, Mont. +, Oreg. +, Ohio +, Utah +, Mo. +, Minn. +, Mich. +  and Ky. +
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
4 +  and 10 +
terete +  and laterally compressed +
1-9(11)-veined +
always shorter +  and usually shorter +
lanceolate +
subtending +
mucronate +  and acute +
unequal +
uncinate +
solid +  and hollow +
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
rounded +  and lanceolate +
coriaceous +
1.1mm +  and 1.5mm +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
lanceolate +
fleshy +  and membranous +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
not +  and inrolled +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
hairy +  and glabrous +
well-developed +
reduced +
11cm +  and 30cm +
nodding +  and erect +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (20 cm200 mm <br />0.2 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
visible +  and concealed +
converging +  and parallel +
Introduced +
purple-tinged +
1 +  and 60 +
not viviparous +
terete +  and moderately laterally compressed +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (2.5 cm25 mm <br />0.025 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Gramineae +
Bromus arvensis +
Bromus sect. Bromus +
species +
membranous +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +