Bromus commutatus

Schrad.
Common names: Meadow brome Hairy chess
Introduced
Synonyms: Bromus secalinus subsp. decipiens
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 24. Treatment on page 230.
Please click on the illustration for a higher resolution version.
Illustrator: Cindy Roché

Copyright: Utah State University

Plants annual. Culms 40-120 cm, erect or ascending. Lower sheaths densely hairy, hairs stiff, often retrorse; upper sheaths pubescent or glabrous; ligules 1-2.5 mm, glabrous or pilose, obtuse, ciliolate; blades 9-18 cm long, 2-4 mm wide, pilose on both surfaces. Panicles 7-16 cm long, 3-6 cm wide, open, erect to ascending; branches sometimes longer than the spikelets, slender, ascending to spreading. Spikelets 14-18 (30) mm, oblong-lanceolate, terete to moderately laterally compressed, not purple-tinged; florets 4-9 (11), bases concealed or visible at maturity; rachilla internodes 1.5-2 mm, concealed or visible at maturity. Glumes usually glabrous, sometimes scabrous or pubescent; lower glumes 5-7 mm, 5-veined; upper glumes 6-9 mm, 7 (9) -veined; lemmas 8-11.5 mm long, 1.7-2.6 mm wide, elliptic to lanceolate, coriaceous, backs usually glabrous, distinctly 7 (9) -veined, not ribbed, rounded over the midvein, margins scabrous or pubescent, bluntly angled, inrolled or not at maturity, apices acute to obtuse, bifid, teeth shorter than 1 mm; awns 3-10 mm, straight, arising less than 1.5 mm below the lemma apices, awn of the lowest lemma shorter than the others; anthers 0.7-1.7 mm. Caryopses equaling or shorter than the paleas, weakly to strongly inrolled. 2n = 14, 28, 56.

Discussion

Bromus commutatus grows in fields, waste places, and road verges. It is native to Europe and the Baltic region; in the Flora region, it is found mainly in the United States and southern Canada. Hildemar Scholz (pers. comm.) recognizes three subspecies of B. commutatus in Europe; no attempt has been made to determine which subspecies are present in the Flora region.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.

"decumbent" is not a number.

... more about "Bromus commutatus"
56 +, 28 +  and 14 +
membranous +  and scarious +
0.07 cm0.7 mm <br />7.0e-4 m <br /> (0.17 cm1.7 mm <br />0.0017 m <br />) +
acute +  and obtuse +
Leon E. Pavlickf +
Schrad. +
divaricate +
3 (?) +  and 0 (?) +
straight +
distinct +
subterminal +  and terminal +
geniculate +
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
rounded +
pseudopetiolate +  and branching +
intravaginal +, extravaginal +, branching +  and basal +
visible +  and concealed +
swelling +
9 cm90 mm <br />0.09 m <br /> (18 cm180 mm <br />0.18 m <br />) +
not evident +
cross +, linear +  and narrowly lanceolate +
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br />) +
sometimes longer +
ascending;spreading +
spikelike +
slender +
Meadow brome +  and Hairy chess +
not branching +
ascending +  and erect +
40 cm400 mm <br />0.4 m <br /> (120 cm1,200 mm <br />1.2 m <br />) +
not woody +
Conn. +, Mass. +, N.H. +, N.J. +, N.Y. +, Calif. +, Del. +, N.C. +, Va. +, W.Va. +, Vt. +, D.C +, Wis. +, Colo. +, Kans. +, Nebr. +, Okla. +, Idaho +, Mont. +, Oreg. +, Wash. +, Wyo. +, Pacific Islands (Hawaii) +, N.Mex. +, Utah +, Maine +, R.I. +, Fla. +, Ala. +, Ark. +, Ariz. +, Ga. +, Iowa +, Ill. +, Ind. +, Ky. +, La. +, Md. +, Mich. +, Minn. +, Mo. +, Miss. +, N.Dak. +, Nev. +, Ohio +, Pa. +, S.Dak. +, Tenn. +, Tex. +, Alaska +, S.C. +, Alta. +, B.C. +, Greenland +, Man. +, N.B. +, Nfld. and Labr. +, N.S. +, N.W.T. +, Nunavut +, Ont. +, P.E.I. +, Que. +, Sask. +  and Yukon +
liquid +, soft +  and hard +
capillary +
pistillate +  and staminate +
sometimes longer +
4 +  and 9 +
terete +  and laterally compressed +
1-9(11)-veined +
always shorter +  and usually shorter +
lanceolate +
subtending +
pubescent +, scabrous +  and glabrous +
mucronate +  and acute +
unequal +
uncinate +
solid +  and hollow +
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.15 cm11.5 mm <br />0.0115 m <br />) +
pubescent +  and glabrous +
elliptic +  and lanceolate +
coriaceous +
1.7mm +  and 2.6mm +
ciliolate +, pilose +  and glabrous +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
membranous +
inconspicuous +
lanceolate +
fleshy +  and membranous +
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
pubescent +  and scabrous +
not +  and inrolled +
concealed +  and prominent +
2 +  and 1 +
hairy +  and glabrous +
well-developed +
reduced +
7cm +  and 16cm +
erect +  and ascending +
3 cm30 mm <br />0.03 m <br /> (6 cm60 mm <br />0.06 m <br />) +
dry +  and fleshy +
visible +  and concealed +
converging +  and parallel +
Introduced +
not purple-tinged +
1 +  and 60 +
not viviparous +
terete +  and moderately laterally compressed +
1.4 cm14 mm <br />0.014 m <br /> (1.8 cm18 mm <br />0.018 m <br />) +
1 +  and 3 +
simple +  and compound +
2 (?) +  and 3 (?) +
Bromus secalinus subsp. decipiens +
Bromus commutatus +
Bromus sect. Bromus +
species +
membranous +
1 cm10 mm <br />0.01 m <br /> (?) +
0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br /> (0.9 cm9 mm <br />0.009 m <br />) +
glabrous +  and pubescent +
aquatic +  and terrestrial +