Bryoerythrophyllum columbianum

(F. J. Hermann & E. Lawton) R. H. Zander

Bryologist 81: 548. 1979,.

Basionym: Didymodon columbianus F. J. Hermann & E. Lawton Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 95: 388, figs. 1–11. 1968
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 27. Treatment on page 566. Mentioned on page 555, 561.

Stems to 0.4–0.6 cm. Stem-leaves ovate to shortly ovatelanceolate, to 1–1.4 mm, distal lamina 1-stratose, margins narrowly recurved to near apex, entire, sharply acute apically, the excurrent costa forming a sharp mucro made up of elongate cells; costa wider (to 8 cells wide) at mid leaf, adaxial surface of the costa bulging in an 1-stratose pad of cells; proximal cells poorly differentiated, quadrate. Specialized asexual reproduction lacking or possibly by fragile leaf apices. Sexual condition dioicous. Theca 1–1.4 mm, operculum 0.5–0.8 mm, peristome rudimentary or absent. Spores 8–13 µm.


Phenology: Sporophytes rare, capsules mature early spring (Mar).
Habitat: Soil on largely acid rock, sandy soil, grassland steppe or ledges and bluffs near rivers, often forming or part of crusts
Elevation: moderate elevations

Distribution

V27 813-distribution-map.gif

B.C., Calif., Idaho, Oreg., Wash.

Discussion

Bryoerythrophyllum columbianum may be confused with Pseudocrossidium hornschuchianum, which may be quickly distinguished by its narrowly grooved adaxial surface of the costa. A second stereid band could not be demonstrated in the type material (holotype and paratype at US) of B. columbianum, although illustrated in the original description; it must be rare. Instead, a second layer of guide cells was evident, the second layer being occasionally present in the paratype (Holzinger, Musci Boreali Americana 233, US) as illustrated in the original description. Asexual reproduction is, apparently, by fragile leaf apices. This species may be a recently evolved and not yet quite stable in that the peristome is not always entirely absent (occasionally rudimentary) and the cells of the operculum are slightly twisted counterclockwise.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
elongate +  and quadrate +
of 1-2 rows +  and differentiated +
long-excurrent +  and short-excurrent +
rounded-obtuse +  and acute +
Richard H. Zander +
(F. J. Hermann & E. Lawton) R. H. Zander +
crescent--shaped +
papillose +  and smooth +
usually slightly wider +
usually ovate;oblong +
Didymodon columbianus +
multicellular +
obovoid +
cucullate +
stegocarpous +
polygamous +, monoicous +, dioicous +  and sexual +
flat +  and bulging +
vesiculose +  and thick-walled +
few +  and several +
elongate +
tomentose +  and bare +
2-stratose +  and 1-stratose +
subquadrate;shortly rectangular +
B.C. +, Calif. +, Idaho +, Oreg. +  and Wash. +
moderate elevations +
differentiated +
multicellular +
Soil on largely acid rock, sandy soil, grassland steppe or ledges and bluffs near rivers, often forming or part of crusts +
yellow +  and orange-red or red +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br />) +
ovate;shortly ovatelanceolate +
usually broadly lanceolate +  and narrowly elliptical +
reduced +
short-conic;short-rostrate +
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.08 cm0.8 mm <br />8.0e-4 m <br />) +
photosynthetic +
hollow +  and solid +
4 +  and 6 +
lateral +  and terminal +
lateral +  and terminal +
red +, orange +  and yellow +
consisting of 16 mostly 2 times cleft spiculose striate or papillose lanceolate teeth , , , , +  and rudimentary +
Sporophytes rare, capsules mature early spring (Mar). +
1 (?) +  and 2 (?) +
dioicous +  and sexual +
multicellular +
straight +
elongate +
2 +  and 1 +
orange-red +, red +, laminal +  and light-brown +
ovate +  and lanceolate +
4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br /> (10 cm100 mm <br />0.1 m <br />) +
0-3 cm +  and short +
rounded-triangular +  and rounded-pentagonal +
0.4 cm4 mm <br />0.004 m <br /> (0.6 cm6 mm <br />0.006 m <br />) +
Barbula sect. Erythrophyllum +, Barbula subg. Erythrophyllum +  and Didymodon subg. Erythrophyllum +
Bryoerythrophyllum columbianum +
Bryoerythrophyllum +
species +
ellipsoidal;cylindric +
short to rather +
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.14 cm1.4 mm <br />0.0014 m <br />) +
stemless +  and perigoniate +
plant +  and cespitose +
occasionally smaller than the perichaetiate +