Bryonia
Sp. Pl. 2: 1012. 1753.
Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 442 [as Bronia]. 1754.
| Taxon | Illustrator ⠉ | |
|---|---|---|
 | Bryonia alba Luffa aegyptiaca Cyclanthera naudiniana | Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey Yevonn Wilson-Ramsey |
Plants perennial, usually dioecious, rarely monoecious, climbing or sprawling; stems annual, hispidulous to glabrate; roots tuberous; tendrils unbranched. Leaves: blade orbiculate to ovate or hastate, 3–5-angled, or palmately 3–5-lobed, lobes ovate to deltate or triangular, margins coarsely toothed, surfaces eglandular. Inflorescences: staminate flowers 4–16 in axillary racemes or fascicles; pistillate flowers [1–] 2–6 (–10) in axillary corymboid to racemoid panicles; bracts absent. Flowers: hypanthium campanulate to shallowly campanulate; sepals 5, lanceolate to deltate; petals 5, distinct, white to cream, greenish white, or yellowish green, or yellowish, usually green-throated and faintly green-lined, oblong-ovate to ovatelanceolate, 3–7 mm, glabrate, corolla broadly funnelform-campanulate to nearly rotate. Staminate flowers: stamens 5, 2 connate in pairs, 1 distinct, appearing as 3 stamens; filaments inserted near hypanthium rim, distinct; thecae distinct, C-curved to S-curved, connective broadened and sheetlike; pistillodes absent. Pistillate flowers: ovary 1-locular, ovoid to broadly ellipsoid; ovules 3–10 per locule; style 1, slender-columnar; stigmas 3, 2-lobed; staminodes 3–5 or absent or vestigial. Fruits berrylike, red to orange or black, globose, smooth, glabrous, indehiscent. Seeds 2–8, ovoid or oblong, compressed, not arillate, margins thickened-corrugated or not differentiated, surface roughened.
Distribution
Introduced; Europe, Asia, Africa, Pacific Islands
Discussion
Species ca. 12 (2 in the flora).
Selected References
Lower Taxa
Key
| 1 | Plants monoecious; fruits black; stigmas glabrous. | Bryonia alba |
| 1 | Plants dioecious; fruits red to orange; stigmas hairy. | Bryonia dioica |