familyOnagraceae
subfamilyOnagraceae subfam. Onagroideae
tribeOnagraceae tribe Onagreae
genusCamissoniopsis
speciesCamissoniopsis bistorta

Camissoniopsis bistorta

(Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray) W. L. Wagner & Hoch

Syst. Bot. Monogr. 83: 204. 2007.

Warren L. Wagner
Basionym: Oenothera bistorta Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray Fl. N. Amer. 1: 508. 1840
Synonyms: Camissonia bistorta (Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray) P. H. Raven O. bistorta var. veitchiana Hooker Sphaerostigma bistortum (Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray) Walpers S. bistortum var. veitchianum (Hooker) A. Nelson S. veitchianum (Hooker) Small
Treatment appears in FNA Volume 10.

Herbs annual, rarely short-lived perennial, usually villous, sometimes strigillose. Stems 1–several from base, ascending or decumbent, to 80 cm. Leaves 1.2–12 × 0.2–1.5 cm; petiole 0–4 cm, distal ones 0–0.3 cm; blade (basal) narrowly elliptic or (cauline) usually narrowly lanceolate or lanceolate, rarely linear, base (basal) narrowly cuneate, (cauline) cuneate or subcordate, margins usually sparsely and incon­spicuously denticulate, apex acute. Flowers opening near sunrise; floral-tube 2–5 (–7.5) mm; sepals (2.3–) 5–8 (–11) mm; petals yellow, each usually with 1 bright red dot, rarely 2, near base, (4.2–) 7–15 mm; epise­palous filaments (1–) 1.5–3.5 mm, epipetalous filaments (0.5–) 1–2.5 mm, anthers (0.5–) 1.3–2 (–2.5) mm, less than 5% of pollen-grains 4-pored or 5-pored; style (5.5–) 7–12 mm, stigma exserted beyond anthers at anthesis. Capsules straight or somewhat contorted, weakly 4-angled, 12–40 × 1.5–2.5 mm. Seeds 0.9–1 mm. 2n = 14.


Phenology: Flowering Mar–Jun.
Habitat: Sandy or clayey soils, coastal strands, grasslands, coastal sage scrub, chaparral, oak woodlands, margins of Sonoran and Mojave deserts, rarely higher elevation meadows.
Elevation: 0–1600(–2600) m.

Distribution

Calif., Mexico (Baja California)

Discussion

Camissoniopsis bistorta occurs in California from Ventura County south and east through the counties of southern Los Angeles, southwestern San Bernardino, Orange, western Riverside, and the western two-thirds of San Diego, reaching the margins of the desert in San Bernardino and San Diego counties, and southward in cismontane Baja California to Ojos Negros and San Vicente. The species occurs at exceptionally high elevations in the Santa Ana drainage of the San Bernardino Mountains. P. H. Raven (1969) indicated that there were occasional apparent hybrids between C. cheiranthifolia subsp. suffruticosa and C. bistorta occurring in intermediate habitats in areas where the two species co-occur. He determined that C. bistorta is self-incompatible.

Camissoniopsis bistorta was apparently introduced with stream gravel in 1959 in Goleta Marsh, Santa Barbara, California, and on ballast heaps at Nanaimo, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, in 1893. It has apparently not persisted at either site.

Oenothera heterophylla Nuttall ex Hooker & Arnott (1839), not Spach (1836), is an illegitimate name that pertains to Camissoniopsis bistorta.

Selected References

None.

Lower Taxa

None.
... more about "Camissoniopsis bistorta"
RDF feed
2n chromosome quantity
14 +
Androecium position
epigynous +
Anther atypical some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
Anther fixation
versatile +
Anther some measurement
0.13 cm1.3 mm <br />0.0013 m <br /> (0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br />) +
Apex shape
acute +
Author
Warren L. Wagner +
Authority
(Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray) W. L. Wagner & Hoch +
Basal leaf arrangement
alternate +
Base shape
subcordate +  and cuneate +
Basionyms
Oenothera bistorta +
Berry architecture or shape
nutlike +
Berry dehiscence
indehiscent +  and loculicidal +
Blade arrangement or course or shape
linear +
Blade margin shape
serrulate +, denticulate +  and dentate +
Blade shape
lanceolate +  and elliptic +
Bud orientation
erect +
Capsule architecture
sessile +
Capsule architecture or shape
nutlike +
Capsule arrangement or shape
contorted +
Capsule condition or texture
dry +
Capsule course
straight +
Capsule dehiscence
dehiscent +
Capsule length
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (4 cm40 mm <br />0.04 m <br />) +
Capsule shape
4-angled +
Capsule size or width
1-5 times or straight narrowly cylindrical and thickened +
Capsule width
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
Carpel quantity
Many (?) +
Cel reproduction
vegetative +
Distribution
Calif. +  and Mexico (Baja California) +
Dot coloration
bright red +
Dot quantity
2 +  and 1 +
Elevation
0–1600(–2600) m. +
Embryo-sac coating
oily +
Embryo-sac course
straight +
Embryo-sac presence
absent +
Embryo coating
oily +
Embryo course
straight +
Embryo presence
absent +
Endosperm coating
oily +
Endosperm course
straight +
Endosperm presence
absent +
Epidermis coloration
white +  and reddish-brown +
Epidermis relief
exfoliating +
Epipetalous filament atypical some measurement
0.05 cm0.5 mm <br />5.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
Epipetalous filament some measurement
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.25 cm2.5 mm <br />0.0025 m <br />) +
Filament architecture
dithecal +
Filament atypical some measurement
0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br /> (0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br />) +
Filament fixation
basifixed +  and versatile +
Filament fusion
distinct +
Filament some measurement
0.15 cm1.5 mm <br />0.0015 m <br /> (0.35 cm3.5 mm <br />0.0035 m <br />) +
Floral-tube atypical some measurement
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.75 cm7.5 mm <br />0.0075 m <br />) +
Floral-tube duration
deciduous +
Floral-tube presence
absent +
Floral-tube quantity
, +
Floral-tube some measurement
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br />) +
Flower architecture
actinomorphic +
Flower architecture or arrangement or growth form
solitary +
Flower part duration
deciduous +
Flower part life cycle
anthesis +
Flower reproduction
bisexual +
Fruit architecture
sessile +
Fruit dehiscence
dehiscent +
Fruit shape
not swollen +, 4-angled +, curled +  and contorted +
Fruit size or width
1-5 times or straight narrowly cylindrical and thickened +
Habitat
Sandy or clayey soils, coastal strands, grasslands, coastal sage scrub, chaparral, oak woodlands, margins of Sonoran and Mojave deserts, rarely higher elevation meadows. +
Herb architecture
caulescent +
Herb duration
perennial +, short-lived +  and annual +
Herb pubescence
strigillose +  and villous +
Inflorescence position
axillary +
Inflorescences spike orientation
nodding +  and erect +
Leaf architecture
simple +
Leaf arrangement
alternate +
Leaf duration
deciduous +
Leaf length
1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br /> (12 cm120 mm <br />0.12 m <br />) +
Leaf position
cauline +
Leaf width
0.2 cm2 mm <br />0.002 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Lobe quantity
Many (?) +
Locule quantity
many +
Margin shape
denticulate +
Nectary presence
absent +
Number of lower taxa
0 +
Ovary architecture or structure in adjective form
4-locular +
Ovary position
inferior +
Ovule architecture
bitegmic +
Ovule arrangement or growth form
clustered +
Ovule orientation
anatropous +
Ovule quantity
numerous +  and 1 +
Perianth position
epigynous +
Petal arrangement
imbricate +
Petal arrangement or shape
convolute +
Petal atypical some measurement
0.42 cm4.2 mm <br />0.0042 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Petal coloration
yellow +
Petal presence
absent +
Petal quantity
4 +
Petal shape
clawed +
Petal some measurement
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.5 cm15 mm <br />0.015 m <br />) +
Petiole position or shape
distal +
Petiole some measurement
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (0.3 cm3 mm <br />0.003 m <br />) +
Phenology
Flowering Mar–Jun. +
Pollen-grain dehiscence or orientation
longitudinal +
Pollen arrangement
singly +
Polyad arrangement
singly +
Publication title
Syst. Bot. Monogr. +
Publication year
2007 +
Raphide quantity
abundant +
Reference
None +
Rosette position
basal +  and cauline +
Row quantity
1 +
Secretion condition
wet +
Secretion condition or texture
dry +
Secretion relief
papillate +
Secretion shape
clavate +  and globose +
Seed quantity
7 +  and numerous +
Seed reflectance
dull +
Seed relief
sculptured +  and smooth +
Seed shape
obovoid +  and flattened +
Seed some measurement
0.09 cm0.9 mm <br />9.0e-4 m <br /> (0.1 cm1 mm <br />0.001 m <br />) +
Sepal arrangement or dehiscence
valvate +
Sepal atypical some measurement
0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br /> (1.1 cm11 mm <br />0.011 m <br />) +
Sepal coloration
purple +, pink +, red +  and green +
Sepal duration
deciduous +
Sepal orientation
reflexed +
Sepal quantity
4 +
Sepal some measurement
0.5 cm5 mm <br />0.005 m <br /> (0.8 cm8 mm <br />0.008 m <br />) +
Septum architecture
parenchymatous +
Septum arrangement
parietal +, axile +  and placentation +
Septum presence
absent +
Septum width
thin +
Series length or size
longer +
Series quantity
2 +
Series size
unequal +
Series variability
equal +
Set length or size
longer +
Set quantity
2 +
Set variability
equal +
Shrub architecture
unarmed +
Shrub growth form
not clonal +
Shrub habitat
aquatic +, amphibious +  and terrestrial +
Slit dehiscence or orientation
longitudinal +
Spike architecture
leafy +
Stamen quantity
8 +
Stamen size or quantity
2 times as many or as many as sepals +
Stem growth form or orientation
prostrate +  and decumbent +
Stem orientation
decumbent +  and ascending +
Stem quantity
1 +  and several +
Stem some measurement
0 cm0 mm <br />0 m <br /> (80 cm800 mm <br />0.8 m <br />) +
Stigma architecture or shape
entire +
Stigma quantity
1 +
Stigma shape
subcapitate +  and subglobose +
Stipule architecture
petiolate +  and sessile +
Stipule duration
caducous +
Stipule position
intrapetiolar +
Stipule presence
absent +
Stipule size
small +
Style atypical some measurement
0.55 cm5.5 mm <br />0.0055 m <br /> (0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br />) +
Style pubescence
pubescent +  and glabrous +
Style quantity
1 +
Style some measurement
0.7 cm7 mm <br />0.007 m <br /> (1.2 cm12 mm <br />0.012 m <br />) +
Subshrub architecture
unarmed +
Subshrub growth form
not clonal +
Subshrub habitat
aquatic +, amphibious +  and terrestrial +
Surface condition
wet +
Surface relief
non-papillate +
Synonyms
Camissonia bistorta +, O. bistorta var. veitchiana +, Sphaerostigma bistortum +, S. bistortum var. veitchianum +  and S. veitchianum +
Taxon family
Onagraceae +
Taxon name
Camissoniopsis bistorta +
Taxon parent
Camissoniopsis +
Taxon rank
species +
Tetrad arrangement
singly +
Tetrad dehiscence
3(-5)-aperturate +
Viscin thread dehiscence or orientation
longitudinal +
Viscin thread fusion
united +
Volume
Volume 10 +
Wing architecture
smooth +  and erose +
Wing condition or texture
dry +
Wing relief
papillate +
Wing width
thick +